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Science Ch. 4

TermDefinition
sexual reproduction a type of reproduction in which the gentic material of two different cells combine, producing an offspring
gamete sex cells
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have? 23 pairs
homologous chromosomes pairs of chromosomes that have similar genes for similar traits
meiosis the production of sex cells
diploid cells cells that have pairs of chromosomes
haploid cells cells that have only one chromosome for each pair
What happens during meiosis? one specialized diploid cell becomes four haploid sex cells
Differences between mitosis and meiosis Mi= produces cells w/ the same # of chromosomes, Me= produces cells w/ half the # of chromosomes---Mi= makes any type of cell besides sex cells, Me= makes only sex cells---Mi=forms 2 cells, Me= forms four cells--- Mi= 4 phases, Me= 8 phases
Mitosis (not definition) Meiosos-- Egg + Sperm cell-- fertilization-- zygote-- YOU!!
benefits of sexual reproduction creates genetic variation among organisms and allows for selective breeding
asexual reproduction one parent organism produces offspring without meiosis or fertilization
fission cell division in prokaryotes in which a cell forms two genetically identical cells
steps of fission DNA copies itself, bacteria cell splits in two
budding a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent, offspring is genetically identical
regeneration when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent
cloning when identical cells are produced from a multicellular organism, happens in lab
advantages of asexual reproduction organisms can reproduce without a mate, rapidly produce a large number of offspring
Created by: tait.thorne5
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