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Cell organelles/type
study guide for cell types, differentiation and homeostasis quiz
Question | Answer |
---|---|
mitochondria | cell organelle responsible for energy production (respiration), folds in membrane to increase surface area. |
Plant cell | eukaryotic, cell wall, chloroplast, bigger, large vacuole |
Prokaryote | no nucleus, no membrane organelle, smaller cells, examples are bacteria cells. CONTAIN RIBOSOMES |
Eukaryote | nucleus, membrane bound organelle, larger cells examples are plants and animals |
ribosomes | responsible for protein synthesis. PRESENT IN ALL CELLS! |
Plasmids | circular DNA in bacteria cells |
animal cells | eukaryotic, plasma membrane, centrioles, many small vacuoles, NO cell wall or chloropolast |
plasma membrane | determines what substance can enter an leave a cell. ALL cells have plasma membranes |
differentiation | the process where an egg cell is able to form many different types of cells. Example muscle, nerve, sperm, blood cells all come from the same egg cell |
nucleotides | sub units of DNA that store genetic information |
how differentiation occurs | different cells are able to come from 1 undifferentiated cell because different genes are activated in different cells |
lipids (fats) | used for energy storage and insulation |
If the objective is 40x and the eyepiece is 10x what is the total magnification? | 400x |
active transport | movement of molecules from a low to a high concentration with the use of energy |
passive transport | movement of molecules from high to low concentration no energy required. Includes osmosis, diffusion, and facilitative diffusion |
osmosis | movement of water from a high to a low concentration |
facilitative diffusion | movement of very large molecules from an area of high to an area of low concentration with the help of carrier proteins. No energy required |
buffers | molecules that prevent rapid changes in pH |