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Chapter 1 & 18 Vocab
Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Binomial Nomenclature | A system of naming organisms that uses the genus name and a species identifier |
| Class | the usual major subdivision of a phylum or division in the classification of organisms, usually consisting of several orders |
| Division | in taxonomy, a grouping of similar classes of plants |
| Family | in taxonomy, a group of related genera |
| Genus | in taxonomy a group of similar species |
| Kingdom | in taxonomy, a group of similar phyla or divisions |
| Order | in taxonomy, a group of similar families |
| Phylogeny | the evolutionary history of a species or taxonomic group |
| Phylum | in taxonomy, a group of similar classes |
| Species | a group of organisms of a single type that are capable of producing fertile offspring in the natural enviroment |
| Species Identifier | the second part of a species name |
| Species Name | the two-part scientificname of a species composed of the genus and the species identifier |
| Subspecies | varirties of animal species that occur in diffrent geographical areas |
| Taxonomy | thee species of grouping organisms according to their presumed evolutionary relationships |
| Variety | a further division or subset of species |
| Blastopore | a depression formed when cells of the blastula move inward |
| Blastula | a hallow ball of cells formed when a zygote undergoes repeated cycles of cell division |
| Cladistics | a system of phylogenetic classification using shared derived characters and the recency of ancestry is the sole criterion for grouping taxa |
| Cladogram | a tree diagram used to illustrate phylogenetic relationships |
| Derived Character | a feature that envolved only within the group under consideration such as the feathers of birds |
| Echinoderm | a radially symmetrical marine intertebrate with an endoskeleton, a water-vascular system, and tube feet, such as a sea star, a sea urchin, or a sea cucumber |
| Phylogenetic Tree | a family tree that shows the evolutionary relationships thought to exist among groups of organisms |
| Systematics | systematic taxonomy; taxonomic organization of living things in the context of evolution |
| Domain | in the three-domain system of classification, one of three broad groups that all living things fall into on the basis of rRNA analysis |
| Eubacteria | the lineage of prokaryotes that incluedes all contemporary bacteria except archaebacteria |
| Protist | a unicellular, eukaroyyic organism belonging to the former taxonomic kingdom Protista |
| Cell Division | the process in the reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells |
| Developement | the process by which an organism grows |
| Metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes in living things |
| Asexual Reproduction | the production of offspring that does not involve the union of gametes |
| Autotroph | an organism that uses energy to synthisize organic molecules from inorganic substances |
| Biology | the science of the life and of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution |
| Differentiation | a process in which the cells of a multicellular individual become specilized during development |
| DNA | hereditary information in the form of a large molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid |
| Ecology | the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment |
| Ecoststem | all the biotic and abiotic components of an enviorment |
| Evolution | all the changes that have formed life on Earth from its earliest begginings to the diversity that characterizes it today |
| Evolve | to develope gradually |
| Gene | a segment of DNA that contains coding for a polypeptide or protein; a unit of hereditary information |
| Heterotroph | an organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products |
| Homostasis | the stabekl internal conditions of a living thing |
| Multicellular Organism | a living thing that consits of more than one cell |
| Natural Selection | the process by which organisms with favorable variations reproduce at higher rates than those without such variations |
| Organism | a form of life-composed of mutually interdependent parts that maintain various vital processes |
| Photosynthesis | the conversion of light energy into chemical energy stored in organic compounds |
| Reproduction | the production of a new offspring |
| Sexual Reproduction | the production of offspring from the combination of genetic material from two parent organisms |
| Unicellular Organism | a living thing that consists of one cell |
| Control Group | in an experiment, a group or individual thatt serves as a standard of comparison with another group or individual to which it is identical except for one factor |
Created by:
hallh
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