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gene pool

chapter 11 vocab

QuestionAnswer
gene pool A large gene pool indicates extensive genetic diversity, which is associated with robust populations that can survive bouts of intense selection.
allele frequency Allele frequency, or gene frequency, is the proportion of a particular allele (variant of a gene) among all allele copies being considered.
normal distribution In probability theory, the normal (or Gaussian) distribution is a very commonly occurring continuous probability distribution—a function that tells the probability that an observation in some context will fall between any two real numbers.
microevolution is the changes in allele frequencies that occur over time within a population.
directional selection is a mode of natural selection in which an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotype, causing the allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of that phenotype.
stabilizing selection is a type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases and the population mean stabilizes on a particular trait value.
disruptive selection also called diversifying selection, describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values.
gene flow is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another.
genetic drift is the change in the frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling
bottleneck effect s a phenomenon where the performance or capacity of an entire system is limited by a single or limited number of components or resources.
founder effect s the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population.
sexual selection is a mode of natural selection in which some individuals out reproduce others of a population because they are better at securing mates.
Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.
reproductive isolation are a collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced is not fertile
speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise
behavioral isolation are a collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced is not fertile
geographic isolation are a collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced is not fertile
temporal isolation are a collection of mechanisms, behaviors and physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that cross or mate from producing offspring, or which ensure that any offspring that may be produced is not fertile
convergent evolution describes the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.
divergent evolution is the accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species, usually a result of diffusion of the same species to different and isolated environments which blocks the gene flow among the distinct populations allowing d
coevolution is "the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object.
extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species
punctuated equilibrium is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that most species will exhibit little net evolutionary change for most of their geological history, remaining in an extended state called stasis.
adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly into a multitude of new forms
Created by: qhutch55
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