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Chapter 10 vocab

Principles of evolution

TermDefinition
Artificial selection Process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain traits
Analogous structure Body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different
Adaption Inherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows organisms to better survive in their environment
Biogeography Study of the distinction of organisms around the world
Buffon Proposed that organisms shared ancestors (not separately)
Catastrophism Theory that states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruption shaped earth'a landform and caused extinction of some species
Cuvier Developed the idea is catastrophism
Darwin His idea was natural selection
Evolution Changes in species over time process of biological change by which descendants come to differ form their ancestors
Erasmus Darwin Proposed that all living thing had common ancestors
Fitness Measure of an organisms ability to survive and produced offspring relative to other members of a population
Fossils Trace of an organism from the past
Gradualism Principle that states that the changes in landforms result from slow changes over a long periods of time
Heritibility Ability of a trait to be passed from one generation to the next
Homologous structure Body part that is similar in structures on different organisms but perform different functions
Hutton He believed in gradualism
Lamarck Believed in inhetrace of acquired traits
Linnaeus Developed classification system called binomial nomenclature
Lyell Belived was Uniformitarianism
Uniformitarianism Geologic process that shaped earth throughout time
Natural selection Mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptions produce more offspring on average than do other individuals
Population All of the individuals of a species that live in the same area
Paleontology Study of fossils or extinct organisms
Species Group organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
Variation Differences in physical traits of an individual form the group in which it belongs
Vestigial structure Remnants of an organ or structure that functioned in an earlier ancestors
Overproduction The species will continue to survive
Created by: Monserratg
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