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Artificial Airways69
Unit I Lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tracheostomy: Tube of equal or _______ kept at bedside for emergency reinsertion? | Smaller size |
| Tracheostomy: Tapes not changed for at least __ hours after insertion? | 24 |
| First change by physician no sooner than __ days after tracheostomy? | 7 |
| Indicated when head and neck manipulation is risky. | Nasal ET Intubation |
| Surgical procedure performed when need for an artificial airway is expected to be long-term | Tracheostomy |
| Obtain portable chest x-ray to confirm tube location? | Adults 3-5cm above carina. |
| Obtain ABGs within __ minutes after intubation to determine oxygenation and ventilation status. | 25 |
| Stay with patient and maintain airway, Support ventilation, Secure help immediately, If necessary, ventilate with BVM and 100% O2. | Incorrect Tube Placement Mngmt |
| Normal arterial tracheal perfusion is estimated at? | 30 mmHg |
| Cuff pressure should be maintained at __ to __ mm Hg? | 20-25 |
| Change in mental status (e.g., confusion), anxiety, dusky skin, dysrhythmias? | Hypoxemia |
| Use of accessory muscles, hypoventilation with dusky skin, hyperventilation with circumoral / peripheral numbness / tingling. | Respiratory distress |
| Inflate cuff with minimum amount of air to form seal. | Minimal Leak Technique |
| Tissue forms in __ to __ hours . Opening will close in several days without surgical intervention? | 24 to 48 |
| What is the treatment for Respiratory Acidosis? | Improve Ventilation |
| Used to treat hypoxemia caused by respiratory, cardiovascular, or nervous system disorders. | Oxygen |
| Always give _____ agent before Paralytic agent. | Sedative |
| Rapid, concurrent administration of a paralytic agent and a sedative agent during emergency airway management. | Rapid Sequence Intubation |
| Initial best way to check tube placement. | End-tidal CO2 (Chest X-ray next) |
| Monitor ETT placement Q ___ to ___ hours? | 2;4 |
| Most common sign of hypoxemia is _______. | Restlessness |
| Assess pt routinely to determine need for suctioning, but do not suction routinely. | Maintain Airway Patency |
| Oral care q2hrs will decrease the risk of this by decreasing sub-glottic secretions. | Ventilator Associated Pneumonia |
| If an artificial is in use HOB should be at 30 to ___ degrees. | 45 |
| Anytime you deflate a cuff you must ______ first. | Suction (<120 mmHg) |
| Regulate rate, depth, and other characteristics of ventilation, tuned to match patient. | Mechanical Ventilation |
| RR x TV | Minute Ventilation |
| Used primarily in acutely ill patients, pushes air into lungs under positive pressure during inspiration. | Positive Pressure Ventilation |
| Ventilator does all the WOB. | Controlled Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) |
| Delivers breath at set rate per minute and set VT, independent of patient’s ventilatory efforts, Patient performs no WOB and cannot adjust respirations to meet changing demands. | Controlled Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) |
| Delivers preset VT at preset frequency, when patient initiates a spontaneous breath, present VT is delivered. | Assist-Control Ventilation (AC) |
| Complication with Assist-Control Ventilation. | Respiratory Alkalosis |
| Delivers preset VT at preset frequency in synchrony with patient’s spontaneous breathing, etween ventilator-delivered breaths, patient is able to breathe spontaneously | Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) |
| What are the 4 modes of mechanical ventilation. | CMV, AC, SIMV, PSV |
| Positive pressure applied to airway only during inspiration. | Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) Caution for hypoventilation |
| Positive pressure applied to airway during exhalation, exhalation remains passive, but pressure falls to preset level > 0, often 3 to 20 cm H2O. Helps keep alveoli open. | Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) |
| Pressure delivered continuously during spontaneous breathing. | Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) |
| Two levels of positive pressure support, Higher inspiratory positive airway pressure, Lower expiratory positive airway pressure along with oxygen. | Bi-level positive pressure (Bi-PAP) |
| Word for fighting the ventilator. | Ventilator Disynchrony |
| Air can escape into pleural space from alveoli or interstitium, accumulate, and become trapped –pneumothorax. | Barotrauma |
| Relates to lung injury that occurs when large tidal volumes are used to ventilate noncompliant lungs, results in alveolar fractures and movement of fluids and proteins into alveolar spaces. | Volutrauma |
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BOjangles1006
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