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Chapter 1 #2

Chapter 1 -organelle review #2

TermDefinition
The 3 postulates of the Cell Theory The cell is the smallest entity that remains the properties of life. New cells rise from preexisting cells. All living things are composed of one or more cells.
Cell the basic structural and functional unit of life.
eukaryotic cell A type of cell that has a true nucleus. The nuclear membrane surrounds a well defined nucleus.
prokaryotic cell A type of cell that does not have its chromosomes surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
genes sections of a chromosome, each of which contains one set of instructions.
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid- a molecule that carries genetic information in cells.
RNA ribonucleic acid- a single stranded genetic messenger that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
selectively permeable membrane a barrier that allows some molecules to pass through, but prevents other molecules from penetrating.
cellular respiration the total of a series of chemical processes by which nutrients are broken down to provide energy.
enzymes protein molecules that increase the rate at which biochemical reactions proceed.
cristae the fingerlike projections in the inner membrane of the mitochondria that contains enzymes.
Dr. Singh studies the ways the mitochondria in a tumour are different then those found in normal cells.
amino acids organic chemicals that can be linked together to form proteins.
vesicles small sacs or packets that are released by the Golgi apparatus. they are important in the processes of exocytosis and endocytosis.
exocytosis a process by which particles are released from a cell by fusing a particle- filled vesicle with the cell membrane.
endocytosis a process by which the cell membrane wraps around a particle and pinches off a vesicle inside the cell.
Dr. Chang invented artificial cells -hemoperfusion
turgor pressure the pressure exerted by water against the cell membrane and the cell walls of plant cells.
Created by: kolar
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