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science test on 2/7
science test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| motion | an objects change in position relative to a reference point |
| speed | the distance traveled by an object divided by the time taken to travel the distance |
| velosity | the speed of an object in a particular direction. must include reference direction*velosity changes if speed or direction changes* |
| acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes. object accelerates if its speed direction or both change |
| forces | a push or pull on an object. newtons (N) |
| net force | the combination of all the forces acting on an object |
| balanced forces | when the forces on an object produce a net force of 0n |
| unbalanced forces | when the net force on an object is not 0n |
| friction | a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact |
| greater the force = | greater the friction |
| rougher the surface = | greater the friction |
| kinetic friction = | moving friction |
| what are two types of kinetic friction? | sliding and rolling friction |
| static friction | not moving friction |
| ways to reduce friction | adding lubricants (oil or wax) switching from sliding to rolling friction making the surfaces smoother |
| ways to increase friction | make the surface rougher or to increase force |
| gravity | a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses |
| all matter is affected by what? | gravity, all objects experience an attraction towards other objects (depends on mass) |
| force must be applied to overcome what? | to overcome gravitational force |
| newtons law of universal gravitation | all objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force, the size of force depends on the mass and the distance between the objects |
| part 1 | gravitational force increases as mass increases |
| part 2 | gravitational force decreases as distance increases |
| weight | a measure of gravitational force on an object |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |