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Bio163 Chapter 6
Integumentry System / Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Integumentry System | -skin and accessory organs |
| Integumentry System Functions | -protection -secretion -excretion -produces vitamin D -sensory organ -temperature regulation |
| What are the Skin Regions | -epidermis -dermis *subcutaneous layer |
| what is the Epidermis | -superficial layer -composed of stratified squamous epithelium |
| What are the layers of Epidermis | -stratum basale (bottom layer) -stratum corneum (top layer) |
| What is Stratum Basale | -lowest layer of epidermis |
| What is Stratum Corneum | -uppermost layer of epidermis -composed of dead keratinized cells |
| Type of Cells in Stratum Basale | -basale cells -melancytes |
| What are Basale Cells (growth story) | -constantly divide by mitosis pushing older cells upward -older cells produce keratin protein and then they die |
| What is Melancytes | -everyone has the same number of cells -produce melanin pigment -pigment protects from UV lights -pigment gives skin color |
| What is Dermis | -deep layer of skin -composed dense irregular CT -contains blood vessels and nerves |
| Types of Fibers in Dermis | -collagen -elastic |
| What is Subcutaneous | -hypodermis layer -composed of adapose tissue that cushions and insulates |
| What is Hair including Growth Story | -lacking on soles of feet,palms of hands,lips,and nipples -constantly divide by mitosis pushing older cells upward -older cells produce keratin protein and then they die -each hair has 1 or more sebaceous glands that produce sebum oil |
| Parts of Hair | -hair follicle -root -shaft -arrector pili |
| What changes hair and skin color | genes and melanin types |
| what are the two types of Melanin in Hair | -eumelanin for brownish-black -pheomelanin for yellowish-red |
| What is a Hair Follicle | -structure from which hair projects(tube within skin) |
| What is the Root of Hair | -part of hair within follicle and beneath surface of skin(contains dividing cells) |
| what is the Shaft of Hair | -part of the hair that extends beyond skin |
| what is the Arrector Pili | -smooth muscles attached to each hair/ cause hair to stand up(goose bumps) |
| Parts of the Nail | -root -plate |
| What is the Nail Growth Story | -constantly divide by mitosis pushing older cells upward -older cells produce keratin protein and then they die |
| What is the Nail Root | -epithelial cells at base of the nail that produces new cells |
| What is the Nail Plate | -visible part of nail -superficial part is dead cells |
| What is Sweat | sudoriferous glands |
| What makes up Sweat | H2O salts waste |
| Types of Sweat | -aporcrine -eccrine |
| What is Apocrine Sweat | -in anal, groin and armpit region -smelly sweat |
| What is Eccrine Sweat | -over the rest of the body -sweat function to cool the body -salty sweat |
| What is a Normal Body Temperature | 98.6F or 37C |
| What Regulates Body Temperature | -endotherms -negative feedback mechanism |
| What are Endotherms | -human produces heat through metabolic reactions -metabolism requires a certain body temp |
| What is Negative Feedback Mechanism | -high body temperature = more sweating = blood vessels dilate -low body temperature = NO sweating = blood vessels constrict |
| What is needed for Wound Healing | -inflammation -granulation |
| What are the Symptoms of Inflammation | -redness -more blood flow to the area -heat -blood is warm -swelling -fluids leaving blood at site of injury -pain -swelling stimulants pain receptors -injury itself |
| What Happens In Superficial/Minor Injuries | -less connective tissue is needed(no scaring) -connective tissue repair 1st, epithelial tissue repair 2nd -healing time is short |
| What Happens In Deeper/Major Injuries | -masses of tissue and blood vessels called granulations are needed to begin repair -over production of connective tissue can lead to sharing -epithelial Tissue repair follows -precursor connective tissue and epithelial tissue cells required repair |
Created by:
jtjohnson2
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