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Meiosis

Unit 6: Cellular Division

TermDefinition
Asexual Reproduction Reproduction that requires only one parent. All offspring (babies) are identical to the parent and are created by mitosis. This form of reproduction makes clones.
Sexual Reproduction The process of reproduction that requires a male and female gamete (sperm and egg).
Meiosis A two division process that makes haploid cells (gametes).
Gamete Haploid sex cells that are made during meiosis.
Haploid Cells that only contain half the total number of chromosomes. "n" or "1n"
Sperm Male haploid gamete made during meiosis
Ovum/Ova/Egg Female haploid gamete made during meiosis
Fertlization The fusion of male (sperm) and female (ova) gametes.
Zygote The diploid (2n) cell type that is formed when a haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid ova (egg).
Diploid The total number of chromosomes in a cell. "2n"
Mitosis A four step process that divides the nucleus of a cell.
Somatic Cell Cells that are diploid and are created by mitosis. Also known as body cells.
Crossing Over Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis; results in new allele combinations.
Genetic Variation Different organisms in a population have slightly different genes (DNA)
Homologous Chromosomes Chromosomes that are the same size, shape and control the same function. You receive one from mom and the other from dad.
Meiosis I Results in the separation of homologous chromosome pairs
Meiosis II Results in the separation of chromatids
Reduction Division A process that reduces chromosome number by half in gametes. Also known as meiosis.
Created by: Biomonsters
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