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Histology

types of tissues and assoc. vocab

TermDefinition
tissue a group, mass, or layer of similar cells including any surrounding, non-living material.
histology the study of the arrangement & appearance of tissues
matrix the non-living material surrounding a tissue
epithelial tissue covering and lining tissue of the body. Covers organs, lines hollow organs & tubes, very little matrix
simple epithelium a single layer of cells
stratified epithelium several layers of cells
squamous flat cells
cuboidal cube-shaped; similar thickness & width
columnar column-like; tall & narrow
simple squamous flat,single layer. Thinnest; alveoli of lungs, small blood vessels
stratified squamous several flat layers with increasing thickness (almost cuboidal) with increasing depth. mouth;rectum;outer layer of skin.
simple cuboidal single layer of cubes. tubules of kidneys;ducts of certain glands; assoc. w/secretions.
simple columnar single layer of tall, narrow cells. nuclei aligned; digestive tract>stomach & intestines.
pseudostratified columnar single layer of mostly tall, narrow cells that give the appearance of multiple layers. All cells attached to bottom, but not all reach free edge. Lines resp. system air passages.
connective tissue connects objects together/fills spaces; more matrix than cells.
connective tissue proper connecting & packing material of the body; complex matrix (gooey liquid, multiple fibers).
loose c.t. (areolar) fills in spaces; contains loose array of fibers; b/t skin & muscle; highest density of cells compared to other c.t.
dense irregular c.t. more collagen fibers; not a lot of room for cells;dermis of skin
dense regular c.t. collagen fibers are parallel; makes up tendons & ligaments
tendons connect muscle to bone
ligaments connect bone to bone
adipose tissue large cells w/fat molecules; not a lot of matrix; common deep to skin;used as cushioning (back of eye sockets, kidneys, knees, buttocks)
supportive connective tissue stiffer & more rigid than c.t. proper; provides framework for much of the body.
cartilage solid but slightly flexible
hyaline cartilage "glassy"; smooth & slippery; surfaces of joints that rub together, end of nose; cells live in lacunae
elastic cartilage more flexible than hyaline cart. (won't break); cells in lacunae; elastic fibers; external ear
fibrous cartilage cells in lacunae; matrix has visible collagen fibers; acts as shock absorber; backbone, knees
bone tissue matrix contains Ca salts; lots of collagen fibers; cells in lacunae;hardest tissue in the body; blood vessels deliver blood to cells through channels CANALICULI
compact bone solid mass
spongy bone meshwork of tiny struts
fluid connective tissue blood. matrix=plasma. cells: 99% red 1% white.
Muscular tissue tissue that produces a force or movement.
skeletal muscle most common tissue in body (40-45%); VERY long cells w/ many nuclei, unbranching; striated; voluntary control; usually runs from one bone to another.
cardiac muscle striated;shorter than skeletal, branching; connections b/t cells INTERCALATED DISKS; 1 nucleus/cell; only found in <3; involuntary control.
smooth muscle non-striated;shorted of all muscle cells; cylindrical w/ tapering ends; 1 nucleus/cell; makes up walls of hollow organs & tubes i.e. intestines & air passages.
Nervous tissue makes up nervous system (brain, spinal cord, nerves) Neurons {send & receive signals} & Neuroglia {provide nutrients, physical support, maintenance & repair, everything besides sending signals}
Created by: m267s316
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