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Muscular system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Purpose of the muscular system | Movement |
| Number of muscles in the body | about 600 |
| Do they work singular or in pairs | In pairs |
| 3 types of muscle tissue | skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
| Skeletal structure | Striated or banded |
| Skeletal function | Cause movement |
| How fast do skeletal muscles react and tire | React quickly,but tire easily |
| Skeletal involuntary or voluntary | Voluntary |
| Smooth structure | Not banded |
| Smooth function | Control breathing, blood pressure, and movements in the digestive system |
| How fast do smooth muscles react and tire | React slowly and tire slowly |
| Smooth voluntary or involuntary | Involuntary |
| Cardiac structure | Branches in many directions weave a complex mesh |
| Cardiac function | heartbeat |
| How fast do cardiac muscles react and tire | Do not tire |
| Cardiac voluntary or involuntary | Involuntary |
| How much does a muscle contract | All or nothing |
| What tells the muscles to contract | Brain and spinal cord |
| How does the muscular system work | By contracting and relaxing |
| Muscle fiber | Contains thousands of tiny strands called microfibers |
| Actin and myosin | Special proteins that help muscles contrat |
| What percent of human body weight is muscle | 40% |
| 4 groups of fibers | Fast twitch fiber Slow twitch fiber Red fiber White fiber |
| Sliding Filament theory | Suggests how a muscle contracts |
| Flexor | A muscle that serves to flex or bend part of the body |
| Extensor | A muscle that serves to extend or straighten a part of the body |
| Extension | Lengthening of muscle fibers |
| Contraction | Shortening of muscle fibers |
| How do muscles contract | By response signals in the brain carried by motor nerves |
| Do muscles push | No |
| How do you care for the muscular system | Healthy diet Exercise Stretching Hydration |
| Actin | Thin blue filaments that help create muscle contraction |
| Myosin | Thick red filaments that help create muscle contraction |
| Tendonitis | Inflammation, irritation, and swelling of a tendon |
| Spasms | Involuntary contractions of one or more muscles |
| Muscular dystrophy | A genetic disorder that weakens the muscles that help the body move |
| Muscle atrophy | When muscles waste away |