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Skeletal system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Purpose of the skeletal system | Protects tissues and organs Provides shape and support Allows movement Produces blood cells Stores minerals |
| Number of bones in the human body | 206 |
| Axial skeleton | The central portion of the skeleton, consisting of the skull, backbone, and ribs |
| Appendicular skeleton | The bones of the limbs suspended from the _____ skeleton |
| Pectoral Girdle | Made up of the two bones the scapula and the clavicle |
| Pelvic Girdle | Consists of the ilium ischium and the pubic bones |
| Vertebrae-types and where found | Found in the spinal column,the 5 types are cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal |
| Ribs-how many and types of each | 24 in total,3 types are True ribs, False Ribs, and Floating ribs |
| Smallest bones in the body | Found in the ear, called ossicles |
| Largest bone | Femur |
| Cartilage | A tough, flexible, bluish white, rubbery tissue |
| Ball and socket joint | A joint that can move in all directions, found in hips and shoulders |
| Hinge Joint | A joint that moves one direction, found in knees and elbows |
| Pivot Joint | A joint that allows limited movement, found in neck and arms |
| Immovable joint | A joint that doesnt move, found in the skull |
| Gliding Joint | A joint that slides to move, found in the spine and wrist |
| Saddle Joint | A joint that allows back and forth and side to side motion but has limited rotation, found in thumb |
| Joints | Any place where two bones come together |
| Tendon | A tough band of tissue that connects muscle to bone |
| Ligament | A tough band of tissue that connects bone to bone |
| Ossification | The process by which cartilage is converted into bone |
| Periosteum | The fibrous tissue that covers bones |
| Osteoblasts | A bone-forming cell |
| Osteoclasts | A cell that breaks down bone |
| Osteocytes | Bone cells |
| Haversian canal | A channel containing blood vessels in compact bone tissue |
| Compact bone | Tough, outside, hard bone |
| Spongy bone | A honeycomb like inside of the bone |
| Red marrow | Produces blood cells |
| Yellow marrow | Soft material that contains fat and blood vessels |
| Diaphysis | The shaft of a long bone |
| Epiphysis | Wide ends of a long bone |
| Blood Vessels | This runs through the bone along with nerves |
| How do you keep the body healthy | eat healthy foods and drink lots of water get lots of sleep stay away from drugs and alcohol |
| Sprain | Injury to a ligament |
| Osteoporosis | A disease that makes bones more likely to fracture |
| Scoliosis | A disease where there is a curve in your back |
| Arthritis | Inflammation in the joints |
| Complete fracture | A fracture that is broken into two pieces |
| Single fracture | When the bone is broken in one place |
| Greenstick fracture | A fracture where the bone is bent and only broken part of the way through |
| Open fracture | A fracture where the bone breaks through the skin |
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