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Ocean Water
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is salinity? | a measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid |
| What is cohesion? | Water is attracted to water |
| What is adhesion? | Water is attracted to other substances |
| What is surface tension? | the molecules cohere to each other strongly but adhere to each other weakly. a phenomenon in which the surface of a liquid, where the liquid is in contact with gas, acts like a thin elastic sheet. |
| What is capilliry action? | Plants suck of water and the water adhere to the plant tube. It is what happens when plants bring water up through its roots to its stem and leaves. It is caused by surface tension and adhesion. |
| How many many grams of salt are found in 1 kilogram of ocean water? | 35 grams |
| Describe several minerals found in water. | sodium, calcium, and sulfate |
| Describe a few processes that cause salinity. | evaporation,runoff,freezing,precipitation,and thawing |
| As you go deeper into the ocean and the temperature changes, it's called the _____ ____ | water column |
| Tell what the three types of zones of water column are called | The top is Surface, the middle is Transition, the bottom is Deep |
| Pressure ________ continuously from the surface to the deepest part of the ocean | increases |
| What is a continental slope? | a steep slant that marks the end of the continental crust and where the rock of the continent ends and the rock of the ocean begins |
| What is a seamount? | it's under water mountains that do not come above the ocean surface and usually form from volcanic eruptions |
| What is abyssal plain? | a smooth nearly flat area covered with thick layers of mud |
| What is a mid-ocean ridge? | a continuous range of mountains along the floor of the major oceans |
| Describe volcanic islands. | mountains on the ocean floor that form from eruptions once lava cools and hardens but they have high peaks above the surface of the ocean water |
| What is a continental shelf? | a gently sloping shallow area that extends outward from the edge of the continent |
| What is a tension- steep canyon? | like cracks in the ocean floor where tectonic plates where the oceanic plate is pushed under another oceanic or continental plate. They cut into the abyssal plain. |
| What is similar about the water, nitrogen, and carbon cycle? | all have to do with the atmosphere. They all go through air |
| How does water and nitrogen travel differently in their environment? | Water passes through roots of the plants and go to air by transpiration, but nitrogen absorbed by the root and go to the environment when the plant dies and decomposes |
| What allows water to move through plants? | by capillary action and by the process of transpiration |
| What is the difference between adhesion and cohesion? | cohesion and adhesion refers to if its sticking to itself or another object. Cohesion sticks to itself and adhesion water sticks to another substance |
| Calculate the density of a sample of salt water that has a mass of 3.75g and its volume is 3 ml | density = mass/volume = 3.75g/3ml = 1.25 g/ml |
| What causes waves? | mostly by winds and some by earthquake |
| What causes tides? | the interaction between earth, moon, and sun |
| What is tide? | the periodic rise and fall of the water level in the oceans and other large bodies of water |
| what is a wave? | The movement of energy through ocean water |
| What are the two main parts that make up waves? | crests and troughs |
| What is wave length? | The distance between two adjacent wave crests or wave troughs |
| What is wave height? | The vertical distance between the crest and trough of a wave |
| A _____________is the highest point of a wave | crest |
| A _____________ is the lowest point of a wave | trough |
| What is current? | A large stream of moving water that flows through an ocean |
| The apparent curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the Earth’s rotation is called_______________ | Coriolis effect |
| How many hours are between a high or low tide and next high or low tide? | 12 hours and 25 minutes |
| what are the most influence on tides? | The sun and the moon |
| Oceans cover ___% of Earth’s surface and contain natural resources that require protection. | 71 |
| The Earth was hotter 4.5B years ago than it is today. The Earth cooled enough for water vapor to condense and fall as rain sometime before 4 billion years ago. Rain began filling the lower levels of Earth's surface, and the first ______ began to form. | Ocean |
| What factors affect the variation of salinity in different parts of the ocean? | the inflow of fresh water, the rate of evaporation, and the movement of the water (circulation). |
| What is the most abundant dissolved solid in the ocean? | sodium chloride |
| The _______ is the continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean | water cycle |
| The change from gas to liquid is called_______ | condensation |
| The change from liquid to gas is called_______ | evaporation |
| The change from liquid to solid is called______ | freezing |
| What causes surface currents? | the sun and the earth's rotation. |
| The sun produces wind causing surface currents. Waves are an effect of a surface current. T/F | True |
| What is surface current? | A horizontal movement of water caused by wind and on the surface |
| What is Ocean current? | A movement of ocean water that follows a regular pattern |
| Explain how water molecules are bonded together | The positive hydrogen attracts to the negative oxygen of another water molecules |
| How does water and nitrogen travel differently in their environment? | plants take water and nitrogen from the soil. Water passes to atmosphere by transpiration though plant leaves. when the plants die and decompose the nitrogen travel to the environment |
| Why do deep ocean currents flow more slowly than surface currents? | Deep ocean currents is colder and have more density then flows slowly. Moreover, there is no wind in deep ocean |
| What is the Coriolis Effect? | The apparent curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the Earth's rotation. |
| What impact does Coriolis Effect have on ocean currents? | it moves the ocean waters to the right (clockwise) in the northern hemisphere and left (counterclockwise) in the southern hemisphere |
Created by:
mystudystuck
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