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science test cells
cell structure and function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One of the first people to observe cells | Robert Hooke |
| Discovered one celled organism | Leeuwenhoek |
| Concluded that all plants are made up of cells | Schleiden |
| Discovered all living things are made of cells | Schwann |
| Proposed that all cells come from cells | Virchow |
| Ability to make things look larger than they are | Magnification |
| Ability to clearly distinguish | Resolution |
| THe basic unit of structure and function in living things | Cell |
| Any instrument that makes small objects look larger | Microscope |
| A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things | Cell theory |
| Are tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell | Organelles |
| Rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and other organisms | Cell wall |
| Forms the outside boundary that separates the cell from its environment | Cell membrane |
| A large oval structure that directs all of the cell's activities | Nucleus |
| The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called | Cytoplasm |
| Produce most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions(power house) | Mitochondria |
| A maze passageways that carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| Function as factories to produce proteins | Ribosomes |
| Receive proteins and other newly formed materials and distribute them to other parts of the cell | Golgi body |
| Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell | Chloroplasts |
| Storage area of a cell | Vacuole |
| Small,round structures in cells that break down large food particles into smaller ones | Lysosomes |
| Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances | Element |
| The chemical combination of two or more elements | Compound |
| An energy-rich organic compound such as sugar | Carbohydrates |
| Large organic molecules made of carbon,hydrogen, oxygen,nitrogen,and,in some cases sulfur | Proteins |
| Small molecules that make up proteins | Amino acids |
| Type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in living things | Enzyme |
| An energy-rich organic compound such as sugar | Lipid |
| Very large organic molecules made of of carbon, hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen and phosphorus | Nucleic acids |
| Type of nucleic acid that passes from parent offspring and directs all the cells functions | DNA |
| Type of nucleic acid that plays an important role in the productions of proteins | RNA |
| Means letting some but not all substances pass through | Selectively permeable |
| Is the process by which molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration | Diffusion |
| The process by which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane | Osmosis |
| Diffusion and osmosis are types of | Passive transport |
| Requires the cell's own energy | Active transport |
Created by:
tmoney24680
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