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Science definition

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Animal cell The cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells are the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and are often called the "building blocks of life".
Plant cell a cell that is a structural and functional unit of a plant.
Bacterial cell Bacterial cells are prokaryotes so they will not have a defined nucleus or an endomembrane system.
Mitochondria An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers.
Ribosome A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.
Vesicle A fluid- or air-filled cavity or sac, in a cell.
Nucleus A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction.
Chloroplast The chloroplast is the place in a plant cell where photosynthesis happens.
Golgi apparatus A complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport.
Cell membrane The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
Cell wall A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose.
Cytoskeleton Central Vacuole A small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell, bound by a single membrane and containing water, food, or metabolic waste.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle of cells in eukaryotic organisms that forms an interconnected network of membrane vesicles. According to the structure, the endoplasmic reticulum is classified into two types, rough endoplasmic reticulum and smoot
Rough endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle in the cells of eukaryotic organisms that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tubes known as cisternae. The surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (often abbrevi
Lysosomes an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Centriole a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Flagellum a slender threadlike structure, esp. a microscopic whiplike appendage that enables many protozoa, bacteria, spermatozoa, etc., to swim.
Capsule a small case or container, esp. a round or cylindrical one.
Prokaryotic cells The prokaryotes are a group of organisms whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus. The organisms whose cells do have a nucleus are called eukaryotes. ...
Eukaryotic cells A eukaryote is an organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures enclosed within membranes.
Organelles any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Unicellular Having or consisting of a single cell.
Multicellular Having or consisting of more then one cell.
Cell theory The theory that cells form the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms.
Nuclear membrane The double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells.
Nuclear envelope The double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells.
Nucleolus A small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase.
Created by: Ian506
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