the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell; semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others; in plant cells, it is inside the cell wall.

a thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. This layer of cellulose fiber gives the cell most of its support and structure; also bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant.

a small body located near the nucleus; has a dense center and radiating tubules; where microtubules are made.

an elongated or disc-shaped organelle containing chlorophyll. Photosynthesis takes place here.

jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.

a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle; looks like a stack of pancakes; located near the nucleus; packages proteins and carbs into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell.

round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes; where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place.

spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections; converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP for the cell.

the membrane that surrounds the nucleus.

an organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced.

spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus;controls many of the functions of the cell and contains DNA.

small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.

rough endoplasmic reticulum

a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks; covered with ribosomes that give it a bumpy appearance; transports materials through the cell; produces proteins in sacks called cisternae.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

a vast system of interconnected tubes; continuous with the outer nuclear membrane; transports materials through the cell; contains enzymes; produces and digests lipids & membrane proteins.

fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell; plant cells have only one large one; helps maintain the shape of the cell.

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Plant & Animal Cells

Vocabulary for Plant & Animal Cells

Term	Definition
cell membrane	the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell; semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others; in plant cells, it is inside the cell wall.
cell wall	a thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. This layer of cellulose fiber gives the cell most of its support and structure; also bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant.
centrosome	a small body located near the nucleus; has a dense center and radiating tubules; where microtubules are made.
chloroplast	an elongated or disc-shaped organelle containing chlorophyll. Photosynthesis takes place here.
cytoplasm	jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.
Golgi apparatus	a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle; looks like a stack of pancakes; located near the nucleus; packages proteins and carbs into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell.
lysosome	round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes; where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place.
mitochondrion	spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections; converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP for the cell.
nuclear membrane	the membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
nucleolus	an organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced.
nucleus	spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus;controls many of the functions of the cell and contains DNA.
ribosome	small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.
rough endoplasmic reticulum	a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks; covered with ribosomes that give it a bumpy appearance; transports materials through the cell; produces proteins in sacks called cisternae.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum	a vast system of interconnected tubes; continuous with the outer nuclear membrane; transports materials through the cell; contains enzymes; produces and digests lipids & membrane proteins.
vacuole	fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell; plant cells have only one large one; helps maintain the shape of the cell.

Created by: radkwo

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