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Myelin cycles

q&a

QuestionAnswer
What are the two major phases of the cell cycle and during which does cell copying take place? During one portion of interphase, the cell's DNA is copied
What are the two major phases of the cell cycle and during which does cleavage take place? The two major phases of the cell cycle are interphase and M phase. During M phase, or mitosis, the cell divides.
If a cell that is in G1 is not biologically ready to continue on to S phase either because it has not reached a sufficient size or does not have the appropriate cellular environment, what does it do? G0-separate phase of interphase cells can enter to pause cell cycle. If not fully-grown or don't have the appropriate cellular environment; can stay for as long as is necessary to achieve appropriate cellular conditions before proceeding on to S phase.
What is the major event that takes place during S phase? DNA, or chromosome, replication is the major event of S phase.
What is the name of the phase between the end of M phase and the beginning of S phase? Between the end of S phase and the beginning of M phase? G1 is the phase found between the end of M phase and the beginning of S phase and G2 is the phase between the end of S phase and the beginning of M phase.
During which phase of interphase does cell growth occur? This is a bit of a trick question. Cell growth occurs constantly throughout interphase. S phase is the time when all the cell's chromosomes are replicated so significant cell growth occurs here, but during both G1 and G2 cell growth occurs.
What is the approximate cell cycle duration in fast-dividing mammalian cells? Is this the same for all cells? 24 hours. Different organisms have different cell cycle durations. Even within an organism, different cell types can have different cell cycle durations. Therefore, the cell cycle duration is not the same for all cells.
Which phase of the cell cycle—M phase, G1, S phase, or G2—has the most variability in its duration? G1, it has the option of entering a "sub-phase" called G0. A cell that enters G0 can remain in a paused state for years, thus significantly increasing the amount of time a cell spends in G1.
In cells that undergo very rapid cell division, which phases are decreased or eliminated? G1 and G2 can be decreased or even eliminated in cells that undergo very rapid cell division.
In normal mammalian cells, which take longer: the processes that lead to chromosome duplication or those that lead to cell division? The processes that lead to chromosome duplication take longer. (18hrs vs 2 hrs)
How can the amount of DNA present in a cell give an indication of where in the cell cycle a particular cell may be? S phase the amount of DNA in the cell doubles /DNA found in a cell in G2 is significantly higher than that of a cell in G1/particular cell has much higher levels of DNA that normal,has finished g1&s,but not yet undergone division in M phase.
What class of molecules are responsible for regulating the cell cycle? The regulators of the cell cycle are proteins.
What are the two classes of regulatory proteins discussed in this section? Cyclin-dependent protein kinases and cyclins.
Why do cyclins have their name? Cyclins are called such because they undergo a constant cycle of synthesis and degradation. These changes signal cell cycle phase shifts.
_________ binds to cyclin-dependent protein kinases (Cdks) to activate them. Once activated, Cdks signal progression through the cell cycle through _________, a process in which phosphate groups are added to other molecules. Cyclins. Phosphorylation.
What is the name of the complex formed when mitotic cyclins bind to Cdks and what is the role of this complex? Activation of M-phase- promoting factor (MPF) is responsible for signaling the entrance into M phase. Its deactivation signals the exit from M phase.
Created by: vcopeland
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