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HCC
HCC 2008 temperature
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the level of hotness or coldness of the body is measured in | degrees |
| two types of body temperature | surface and core |
| surface temp | skin and outer tissue layers |
| core temp | deep structures i.e. heart and liver |
| the bodies balance of heat and production and loss is controlled by the... | hypothalamus |
| the hypothalamus is located in the | pituitary |
| "normal" body temp is | 98.6 degrees |
| Basal Metabolic Rate | factor that influences temp. --minimum rate that body cells oxidize nutrients to produce energy |
| Muscle Activity | factor that influences temp.--heat production during energy |
| Hormone Secretion | factor that influences temp |
| Circadian Rhythm | factor that influences temp. --24 hr pattern fluctuation |
| Heat Transfer | factor that influences temp.-- way in which heat is lost |
| Age | factor that influences temp.-- infants and elderly may have difficulty maintaining temperature |
| Environmental Temperature | factor that influences temp.-- extreme temps |
| Stress | factor that influences temp |
| Types of heat Transfer | Radiation, Convection, Evaporation, Conduction |
| Radiation | electromagnetic waves |
| Convection | motion between areas of unequal density |
| Conduction | transfer from direct contact |
| Heat conservation behaviors activated by cold | shivering, increased muscular activity, increased hormone secretion, constriction of surface blood vessels, behavioral adaptation, pilorection |
| Heat dissipation behaviors activated by heat | sweating, dilation of surface blood vessels, decreased hormone secretion, behavioral adaptation |
| body looses heat via | skin, respiratory system during expiration, and the elimination of body wastes |
| fever | temp. rises above normal |
| pyrexia | fever |
| hyperpyrexia | a high fever, usually above 105.8 |
| intermittent | temp alternates regularly btw a period of fever and normal or subnormal temperature |
| remittent | temp fluctuates greater than 2 above normal but does not reach normal btw fluctuations |
| constant | body temp remains constantly elevated with fluctuation of two degrees |
| relapsing | temp returns to normal for at least 1 day then recurs |
| Types of thermometers | glass, electronic, tympanic membrane, temperature sensitive strips, disposable paper thermometers |
| five sites for assessing temp | oral, rectal, tympanic, axillary, forehead |
| examples of patients you who should NOT have an oral temp taken | incoherent, restless, delirious, mouth breather, less than 4 yrs old, unconscious, seizure precautions |
| patients that would NOT take a rectal temp from | perianal problems, chance of contamination (diarrhea), MI |
| normal ORAL temp | 98.6 |
| normal AXILLARY temp | 97.6 |
| normal RECTAL temp | 99.6 |
| normal TYMPANIC temp | 99.5 |
| normal FOREHEAD temp | 94.0 |
| interventions for a client with hyperthermia | report findings, rest, tepid bath, increase frequency of VS, cool packs/blankets, control environmental air flow, monitor temp, look for a pattern |
| hyperthermia | too high body temp |
| hypothermia | too low body temp |
| interventions for a client with hypothermia | warm environment, warm clothing/covers, warm drinks, monitor temp, warming blankets |
| convert Fahrenheit to Centigrade | C=(F-32) x 5/9 |
| convert Centigrade to Fahrenheit | F= (C x 5/9) + 32 |
| danger signs of fever | dehydration, higher heart rate, decrease urinary output |
| a fever might be a sign that the body is... | fighting infection and defending itself from bacteria |
| symptoms of a fever | loss of appetite, headache, hot dry skin, dehydration, flush face, thirst, general malaise(awful feeling BLA!) |
Created by:
jaed008
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