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Atoms

AP Bio

QuestionAnswer
Atoms are made of Protons, neutrons, electrons
Atomic number # of protons
Atomic mass # of protons and neutrons
Isotope an element with a different number of neurons
Ion charged atoms
cation have one more proton than electron and are + charged
anions have more electron than protons are - charged
oxidation loss of an electron
reduction gain of an electron
All living matter is made up of 4 elements Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (CHON)
Covalent bonds strong bonds
Cohesion water molecules stick to other water molecules
Adhesion water molecules stick to other molecules
High specific heat a large amount of energy is required to change the temperature of water
High heat of vaporization The evaporation of water from a surface causes cooling of that surface
Acid a chemical that releases H+ ions
Base a chemical neither releases or accepts H+ ions
neutral chemical that neither releases or accepts H+ ions
Dehydration synthesis form molecules by removing water, builds covalent bonds, endergonic
hydrolysis break down molecules by adding water, digestion (break covalent bonds), exergonic
Properties of water high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, less dense as a solid, good solvent
Carbohydrates 1:2:1 of carbon hydrogen and oxygen, short term energy source, sugar monomer
Amino acids Central carbon connected to COOH + amino group NH2 + H + R group
structure of an amino acid Primary: linear sequence of amino acids Secondary: a helix shape and a beta pleated sheet Tertiary: form R group Quaternary: form more peptide chains
When do proteins denature temperature, pH, or ionic concentration
Created by: qmimix3x3
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