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diffusion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | The NET (gradual) movement of particles along a concentration gradient - from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentraion |
| Partially permeable membrane + 2 examples | a membrane with tiny pores that allows small particles such as water molecules through it, but not larger particles such as sugar molecules and ions from salts. e.g. visking tube, cell membrane |
| rate of diffusion factors | increases when: distance increased, surface area (to volume ratio) increased, higher concentration difference (gradient) |
| why are leaves thin and have large surface area? | reduce the distance that gases have to diffuse through. They are broad with a spongy layer inside to provide a large surface area. to increase diffusion rate |
| osmosis | net movement of water particles across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration (dilute solution) to a region of lower water concentration (concentrated solution) |
| in which direction do particles move in diffusion/osmosis? | they move randomly so both ways BUT overall they move from high to low conc. |
| turgid | a plant cell fully inflated with water (usually because of osmosis) - turgor pressure occurs |
| Flaccid | a plant cell that is limp, causes plant to wilt/droop. - no turgor pressure |
| Plasmolysed | a plant cell that has lost water, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the inside of the inelastic cell wall |
| Crenation | shrinking an animal cell by losing too much water by osmosis |
| lysis | bursting an animal cell by taking in too much water by osmosis |
| turgor pressure and use | when contents of plant cell push against the inelastic cell wall. helps support the plant tissues as plant have no skeleton. |
| read | animals have to keep the amount of water in their cells pretty constant or they are in trouble, while plants are a bit more tolerant of periods of drought. |
| does diffusion require energy? | only kinetic energy for the particles to move in random motion. other than that, no, it is passive transport (no cellular energy needed). |
| why do plants react differently to animal cells in osmosis? | inelastic cell wall in plants. |
Created by:
karspider
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