Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anat lab 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| extracellular matrix | secreted by cells of the connective tissue |
| 3 types of connective tissue proper | adipose, loose (areolar), and dense (irregular and regular) |
| 3 types of specialized connective tissues | cartilage (hyaline and bone), bone (compact and spongy), blood |
| two types of dense connective tissue | irregular and regular |
| two types of cartilage connective tissue | hyaline and bone |
| two types of bone connective tissue | compact and spongy |
| Fibroblasts | cells that secrete the extracellular matrix in connective tissue. Is composed of fibers and an amorphous ground substance. |
| Two types of fibroblasts | collagen and elastin |
| Collagen | the main fiber type and is the most abundant protein in the human body. It provides great tensile strength |
| Elastin | thin and elastic. It is found in the body where stretch and recoil is needed like skin, lungs, blood vessels, ears, and epiglottis |
| Ground substance | made of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfates and proteoglycans. This surrounds cells and fibers and permits diffusion of nutrients to and metabolic wastes from the fibroblasts |
| Adipocytes | fat storing cells |
| Loose connective tissue | has randomly arranged fibers so that it can flex in all directions. It supports the epithelial linings of the gastrointestinal respiratory and urinary tracts, and underlyes the endothelium of blood vessels... |
| Lamina propria | loose connective tissue found in the epithelial tissue of mucous membranes |
| Hypodermis | lamina propria plus adipose tissue. This acts as an insulating layer and helps protect the underlying muscles from trauma |
| Tendons | attach muscles to bones |
| Ligaments | hold bones together |
| Aponerosis | a flat sheet of tendon |
| Deep fascia | hold muscles with similar function together and allows free movement of the muscle groups within the body |
| Chondroblasts | secrete the extracellular matrix |
| Chondrocytes | formed when chondroblasts become entrapped within the extracellular matrix |
| Hyaline cartilage | makes up the articulating surfaces of bones, trachial cartilages, cartilages of the larynx, costal cartilages, and nasal cartilages |
| Elastic cartilage | has a large number of elastin fibers and is very flexible. Found in the epiglottis, external ear, and in ear canals |
| Fibrocartilage | combination of hyaline cartilage and dense regular connective tissue. Acts like a shock absorber. Found in the intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, knees meniscus, and temporomandibular joint |
| Lacunae | small spaces containing chondrocytes |
| Perichondrium | surrounds most cartilage except articulating cartilage and fibrocartilage. Is made of an outer layer of dense irregular connective tissue and inner layer containing chondroblasts |
| Bone tissue | Supports the body, protects vital organs, stores minerals, allows for movement |
| Bone | a vascular tissue made of cells and a calcified matrix made of calcium phosphate, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate. |
| Spongy bone | found on the inside of bones and is surrounded by compact bone. |
| Trabeculae | organizes the spongy bone into thin plates |
| Endosteum | the inner medullary cavity where the bone marrow is found, it contains osteoblasts |
| Periosteum | covers the bone surface and is composed of two layers: outer fibrous layer made of collagen fibers with fibroblasts and an inner layer made of collagen fibers and osteoblasts |
| Sharpey's fibers | attaches the periosteum to the bone. Are bundles of collagen fibers that enter into the extracellular matrix of the compact bone tissue |
| Osteoblasts | makes the extracellular matrix of bone tissue |
| Canaliculi | tiny passageways that connect one lacuna to another |
| Central canals | larger canals of canaliculi where blood vessels and nerves are found |
| Lamellae | layers |
| Osteon | bone matrix |
| 3 types of lamellae | concentric, interstitial, circumferential |
| Concentric lamellae | makes up the osteons |
| Interstitial lamellae | found in between the osteons |
| Circumferential lamellae | found circling the outer circumference of the bone shaft |
| Perforating canals | run between central canals |
| Mucous membranes, mucosa | line the alimentary canal, respiratory system, and urogenital tracts. |
| Lamina Propria | a layer of loose connective tissue underlying the epithelial tissues of mucous membranes |
| Serous membranes, serosa | line the wall of the ventral body cavity and extend from the wall of the cavity to cover the organs that lie within the cavities |
| Viscera | organs |
| Mesothelium | simple squamous epithelium found in the serosa. It secretes serous fluid |
| Serous fluid | lubricates the organs, allowing them to slide easily over one another and the walls of the cavities |
| Parietal pleura | the pleural membrane lining the pleural cavity |
| visceral pleura | covers each lung |
| Parietal pericardium | a cavity containing the heart |
| Visceral pericardium | covers the heart |
| Peritoneal membrane | the serosa of the abdominopelvic cavity |
| parietal peritoneum | lines the abdominal wall |
| Visceral peritoneum | covers the abdominal organs |
| Mesentery | hold the intestines in place and is continuous with the parietal and visceral peritoneums |
| Cutaneous membrane | skin |
| Epidermis | stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the topmost layer of the skin |
| 5 layers of the epidermis from deepest to superficial | stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. |
| Keratinocytes | keratinized stratified squamous epithelial cells which make up most of the different types of epidermis. They are continuously being shed and replaced by the stratum basale |
| Stratum Basale | a one cell thick layer where cell division occurs |
| Melanocytes | produce and deliver the pigment melanin to keratinocytes |
| Melanin | gives the skin its various shades of color |
| Dendritic cell | a cell type that attacks any pathogens that penetrate the keratinized epidermis |
| Merkel cells | associated with the sensory neurons and function as touch receptors. Found where sensory perception is a major function (fingertips) |
| Dermis | has two regions, superficial papillary region and deeper reticular region |
| Papillary region | adjacent to the stratum basale and is composed of loose connective tissue |
| Dermal Papillae | fingerlike structures that project into the epidermis |
| Reticular region | forms the majority of the dermis. Is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. |
| Accessory structures of the dermis | Eccrine glands, hair follicles, and sebaccous glands. |
| Arrector Pilli | muscles that have their origins in the papillary layer and insert on the hair follicle |
| Hypodermis | underlies the dermis. is composed of adipose tissue and loose connective tissue. |
Created by:
audrey90
Popular Biology sets