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Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| -ase | Enzyme |
| Bili- | Bile |
| Bucca- | Cheek |
| Cholecyst- | Gallbladder |
| Choledo- | Common bile duct |
| Colo- | Colon |
| Entero- | Intestines |
| Esophago- | Esophagus |
| Gastr- | Stomach |
| Gingiva- | Gums |
| Glosso- | Tongue |
| Hepato- | Liver |
| Ileo- | Ileum |
| Lapar- | Abdomen |
| Odont- | Tooth |
| Or, os- | Mouth |
| Pancreato- | Pancreas |
| -phagia | Swallowing |
| Parietal peritoneum | Lines the abdominal cavity |
| Visceral peritoneum | Folds over the abdominal organs |
| Peritoneal space | In between filled with serous fluid |
| Oral cavity functions | Receives food, starts preparing food for digestion, aids in the production of speech |
| Deciduous teeth | 6-7 months of age, replaced by permanent teeth |
| Permanent teeth | Full set of 32 |
| Crown | Visible part of tooth covered with enamel (hardest tissue) |
| Root | Enclosed in bone socket in mandible or maxillae held in place by cementum |
| Pulp cavity | Inside section that contains blood vessels and nerves |
| Tongue | Skeletal muscle used for chewing, swallowing, and speech |
| Papillae | Elevations on tongue making surface rough; many contain taste buds |
| Lower esophageal sphincter (LES) | Also known as the cardiac sphincter; junction between the esophagus and stomach that stays closed except to allow the passage of food; reflux through here causes heartburn |
| Fundus | Upper part above LES |
| Body | Large central part that stores food |
| Pylorus | Lowest part adjacent to small intestine where most DIGESTION occurs |
| Gastric juice contains __ | Mucous cells, pepsinogen, intrinsic factor, HCL, pepsin, and enteroendocrine cells (G cells) |
| Sphincter of oddi | Opening in duodenum where the common bile duct and pancreatic duct join together |
| Secretin | Stimulates secretion of bile from liver and bicarbonate from pancreas |
| Cholecystokinin | Stimulates contraction of gallbladder, release of pancreatic enzymes |
| Blood capillaries absorb __ | CHO proteins |
| Lacteals absorb __ | Fat |
| Ileocecal valve | Junction between cecum and ileum |
| Defecation reflex | Spinal cord reflex triggered by stretching of rectum with feces |
| Portal vein | Brings blood from the digestive organs and spleen to liver |
| Hepatic artery | Brings oxygenated blood |
| Central veins of lobules | Unite and carry blood out of the liver to the inferior cava |
| Glycogenesis | When BS goes UP, the liver converts glucose to glycogen |
| Gluconeogenesis | When BS goes DOWN, the liver converts glycogen to glucose |
| 4 plasma proteins that circulate in blood & are also CLOTTING mechanisms | Prothrombin, fibrinogen, albumin, globulin |
| Amylase digests | Starch |
| Pepsin digests | Protein |
| Bile emulsifies | Fat |
| Lipase digests | Fat |
| Trypsin digests | Protein |
| Peptidase digests | Protein |
| Sucrase, Maltase, Lactase all digest | Carbohydrates |
Created by:
Kmccarty
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