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Chapter 5 volcanos
st Mary 8th grade science Annapolis Mid term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Volcano | A weak in the crust where magma come to the surface |
| Magma | A molten mixture of rock forming substance gases and water from the mantle |
| Lava | Liquid Magma on surface |
| Island arc | A string of volcanos that form as a result of subduction of one of the oceanic plates beneath a second oceanic plate |
| Vent | Opening which molten rock and gas escape a Volcano |
| Hot spot | An area where magma melt the crust |
| Silica | Material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon it is the primary substance of the earths crust and mantle |
| Pipe | A long tube through which magma moves from the magma chamber to earth surface |
| Sill | A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock |
| Dike | A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers |
| Lava flow | The area covered by lava as it pours out a volcano vent |
| Shield Volcano | A wide gently sloping mountain made by lava formed from quite eruptions |
| Composite volcano | Tall cone shaped mountain in which layers of ash and lava and other material |
| Cinder cone | A steep cone shaped hill or small mountain made of ash, cinders and bombs piled up around a volcanos opening |
| Pyroclastic flow | Flow of ash, cinders, bombs and gases down the side of a volcano during an eruption |
| Magma chamber | A pocket of beneath a Volcano where magma collects |
| Crater | A bowl shaped area that forms around the Volcano’s central opening |
| Volcanic neck | A deposit of hardened magma in a volcanoes central pipe |
| Caldera | A large hole at the top of a volcano formed from the roof of the magma chamber collapsing |
| Batholith | A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust |
| Extinct | No longer active and unlikely to ever erupt again |
| Dormant | Not currently active but able to be active in the future |
| Volcanic belts form along the boundaries of what | Earth’s plates |
| Where the Ring of Fire is located | In the pacific ocean |
| Why it is the ROF there | Because of boundaries tectonic plates |
| Know how volcanoes form on a converging Boundary | 2 oceanic plates collide creating subduction as the older denser plate sinks below the mantle (island Arcs) |
| Know how a volcano forms on a diverging boundary | Mid ocean ranges where two plate move apart creating rift valley’s |
| Describe and eruption | The force of the expanding gases pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent |
| Why does an eruption happen | Dissolved gasses exert force on less dense rock layers forcing bubble to escape in the crust |
| Geologists classify volcanic eruptions in 2 ways | Quiet or explosive |
| Describe a quiet eruption | Takes place when low silica magma goes through the vents runny and low viscosity lava |
| Describe an explosive eruption | Occurs high silica content gets clogged in the vents and creates great pressure that it explodes |
| Geologists use 3 terms to describe the Volcano’s stage of activity | Active, dormant, or extinct |
| 5 Features formed by magma | Volcanic necks, dikes and sills, batholiths and Dome Mountains |
| Hot Springs and geysers are what types of activity | Geothermal activity |
| Geysers and hot springs can only be found in present volcanic activity T or F | F |
| What is the Ring of fire | The Ring of Fire is a belt of volcanoes that circles the Pacific Ocean |
| Volcanos form along | Boundaries of tectonic plates |
Created by:
wase13
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