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A&P Ch.3
Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The smallest living units of structure and function | Cells |
| Cell Membrane (plasma membrane) is made of? | Phospholipids, cholesterol, and protein |
| Phospholipids form? | A bilayer |
| Cholesterol provides? | Stability |
| What are proteins? | Transporters, antigens, and receptor sites |
| The cell membrane is? | Selectively Permeable |
| The cell membrane can carry? | Electric Impulses |
| What is the Nucleus? | Control center of the cell. |
| Nucleus is made of? | DNA, RNA, and protein |
| Nucleus has? | Double-layer membrane with pores |
| The nucleus contains the ? | Chromosomes of the cell |
| Human chromosome number? | 46 |
| Chromosomes are made of? | DNA and Protein |
| What is DNA? | The genetic material |
| Proteins are? | Enzymes |
| What is a gene? | The code for one protein. |
| Passageway | Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
| Protein synthesis | Ribosomes |
| Destruction of old or damaged proteins | Proteasomes |
| Packaging of materials for secretion from the cell | Golgi Apparatus |
| Site of ATP production | Mitochondria |
| Have digestive enzymes | Lysosomes |
| Organize the spindle fibers during cell division | Centrioles |
| Sweep materials across the cell surface | Cilia |
| Enables a cell to move | Flagellum |
| folds of the cell membrane on the free surface of a cell | Microvilli |
| Protein microfilaments that give shape to a cell, support the membrane and microvilli, and provide for attachment and movement | Cytoskeleton |
| What is a watery solution of minerals, gases, and organic molecules? | Cytoplasm |
| What moves materials into or out of a cell? | Cellular Transport Mechanisms |
| What copies a gene from DNA? | mRNA |
| What is sites for mRNA? | Ribosomes |
| mRNA copies a DNA gene is called? | Transcription |
| When tRNA molecules assemble amino acids in proper sequence on the mRNA its called? | Translation |
| Where is DNA found? | Nucleus |
| Copying of the gene is? | Transcription |
| The actual copy of the gene is? | mRNA (messenger RNA) |
| What is one cell with the diploid number of chromosomes divides once to form two cells, each with the diploid number of chromosomes (46) ? | Mitosis |
| what is one cell with the diploid number of chromosomes divides twice to form 4 cells, each with the haploid number of chromosomes? | Meiosis |
| What is the human diploid number? | 46 |
| What is the human haploid number? | 23 |
| What is the cell division process that forms gametes? | Meiosis |
| What stores the diploid number of chromosomes? | Fertilization |
| What has one division? | Mitosis |
| What has two divisions? | Meiosis |
| What is for sexual reproduction? | Meiosis |
| What is the intake of glucose by most cells called? | Facilitated Diffusion |
| What is movement of the lungs called? | Diffusion |
| What is movement of NA+ in a neuron sodium pump called? | Active Transport |
| What is engulfing of bacteria by white blood cells (WBC's) called? | Phagocytes |
| What is the formation of tissue fluid from blood plasma called? | Filtration |
| What is reabsorption of small proteins by kidney cells called? | Pinocytosis |
| What is absorption of water by the small intestine called? | Osmosis |
| What is the first step in the formation of urine called? | Filtration |