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Chapter 8
Consilience
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| human nature | the epigenetic rules, the hereditary regularities of mental development that bias cultural evolution in one direction as opposed to another, and thus connect genes to culture |
| reification | hypostatization: regarding something abstract as a material thing |
| paradox | a statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory |
| survival of the fittest | the theory that the most fit survive and reproduce, and those that are not fit, do not survive |
| culture | complex socially learned behavior |
| genetic determination | theory that genes dictate particular forms of culture |
| totemism | belief in the kinship of a group of people with a common totem |
| alacrity | brisk and cheerful readiness |
| static | lacking in movement, action, or change, esp. in a way viewed as undesirable or uninteresting |
| expunge | erase or remove completely (something unwanted or unpleasant) |
| prudent | acting with or showing care and thought for the future |
| kin selection | the natural selection of genes based on their effects on individuals carrying them plus the effects the presence of the genes has on all the genetic relatives of the individuals who still live and are capable of reproducing |
| parental investment | behavior toward offspring that increases the fitness of the latter at the cost of the parent's ability to invest in other offspring |
| altruism | the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others |
| mating strategy | based on the stakes each sex have (women have more at stake than men in sexual activity) |
| ruttish | aroused: feeling great sexual desire; "feeling horny" |
| coy | (esp. with reference to a woman) making a pretense of shyness or modesty that is intended to be alluring |
| status | the merits or wealth of an individual (thought to help define a person in some societies) |
| despotic | tyrannical |
| despot | absolute rulers with arbitrary powers of life and death over their subjects |
| commensurately | so as to be equal or proportionate; adequately; proportionately; With equal measure or extent |
| territorial expansion and defense | the cultural universal in nation states that need to maintain amounts of land or resources to allow society to continue |
| density-dependent factor | vital resources that limit population growth |
| contractual agreement | the basis of societies on selfish interests |
| contrivance | a thing that is created skillfully and inventively to serve a particular purpose |
| acuity | sharpness or keenness of thought, vision, or hearing |
| genetic fitness hypothesis | theory that the most widely distributed traits of culture confer Darwinian advantage on the genes that predispose them |
| coalescence | e union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts |
| inbreeding depression | the resulting defective children that result from incest |
| incest avoidance | human behavior by which incest is made taboo and avoided |
| exogamy | the custom of marrying outside a community, clan, or tribe |
| Westermarck effect | the avoidance of sexual contact with those who are known from infancy (related) |
| spurn | reject with disdain or contempt |
| minor marriage | occurs in Taiwan, when baby girls are adopted into a family and married to the boys that they grew up with in that family |
| incest taboos | the culturally transmitted sets of rules that prohibit sexual activity among very close relatives |
| malign | evil in nature or effect; malevolent |
| Oedipus complex | the unresolved desire of the son for sexual gratification with his mother and his simultaneous hatred for his father, who is seen as a rival |
| motif | A recurrent thematic element in an artistic or literary work |
Created by:
bioseniorsem
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