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Unit 1
MGCCC Level 2 Lab and Diagnostics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hematocrit level men | 40-54% |
| Hematocrit level women | 36-46% |
| Hematocrit Panic Value | <15% >60% |
| Hemoglobin men | 13.5-17 |
| Hemoblobin women | 12-15 |
| Platelet Count | 150,000-400,000 Promotes Coagulation |
| WBC | 4,500-10,000check for infection |
| Sodium | 135-145Compare with all other electrolytes |
| BG | 70-110 |
| BG Panic | <40 >700 |
| Potassium | 3.5-5.3 |
| Chloride | 95-105check chloride level in relation to K, Na, and acid base balance |
| CO2 | 22-30determine metabolic acid-base abnormalities |
| CO2 Panic level | <15>45 |
| BUN | 5-25 End product of Protein metabolism excreted by kidneys. Purpose: Detect renal disorders |
| Albumin | 3.5-5 Synthesized by liver. Maintain vascularfluidPurpose: |
| Alt/sgpt | 10-35 |
| Ast/sgpt | 8-38enzyme found in heart muscle, liver and skeletal muscles |
| Bilirubin | 0.1-0.2 Breakdown of hgb excrited by bilepurpose: to detect liver disorder or jaundice |
| Ct scan | Invasive if contrast used. Allergies? Examines body sections from many angles |
| Barium Enema | normal filling of large intestine. Clear liquid 18-24 post: clear bowel of barium! |
| MRI | Central nervous system. Clostraphobic? Metal? |
| Bronchoscopy | informed consent. Gag reflex, no dentures, inspects laynx,trachea,bronchi |
| EGD | visualize esophogus, stomach,duodenum,void before procedure, npo 8-12 b4 surger, consent, gag reflex |
| Elevated alt/sgpt | Liver disease, Patient exposed to toxic chemicals |
| decreased alt/sgpt | exersize alot, alot ot aspirin |
| Elevated BUN | Kidney Diseases, CHF, Drugs: Nephro toxic drugs |
| decreased BUN | Severe liver damageOver hydration |
| Elevated Hematocrit | dehydration eclampsia surgery, burns |
| Decreased Hematocrit | blood loss, anemias, leukemias |
| s/s anemia | fatigue, paleness, and tachycardia |
| Meds that decrease Hematocrit | antinioplastic agents(cancer meds)antibiodics |
| Decreased Platelet | Cancer, anemias, liver diseaseMonitor s/s of bleeding. pt teaching: avoid injury |
| Elevated platelet | trauma, tuberculis |
| Decreased Bilirubin | Iron defiecincy anemia |
| Elevated bilirubin | Liver disease, cancer, gallstone |
| Elevated Albumin | dehydration |
| Decreased Albumin | cirrhosis of liver, acute liver failure, malnution. Peripheral edema, ascites.Offer foods high in protein (meats, cheese, beans) |
| Elevated Potassium | acute renal failure, crushing injury, burns |
| s/s of elevated potassium | bradycardia, oliguria, tingling and twitchin or numbness of extremities |
| decreased Potassium | dehydration, malnutrition, exsessive licorice |
| s/s decreased potassium | dizziness, cardiac dysrythmias, muscle weakness, and leg cramps |
| Decreased Hemoglobin | Anemias, severe hemorrage, cirrhosis of liver, leukemia |
| s/s hemorrhage | increased ht decreased bp, bleeding, blood in stool and or vomit |
| Anemic? | Hemoglobin <10.5 |
| elevated hemoglobin | Dehydration, High altitudes, CHF |
| decreases sodium | diuretic, low sodium diet, Burns |
| s/s low sodium | apprehension, anxiety, muscular twitchin, muscutlr weakness, headache, tachycardia, hypotension |
| elevated sodium | CHF, hepatic failure, High sodium |
| elevated chloride | cardiac, kidney dysfunction |
| decreased chloride | acute infection, diuretics |
| elevated CO2 | hypothyroidism, Potassium deficit |
| decreased CO2 | starvation, diuretics |
| decreased ast/sgot | Pregnancy |
| elevated ast/sgot | heart attack, liver disease, muscleoskeletal diseaseelevates during MI & liver damage |
| decreased WBC | viral infections alcoholism, rheumetoid arthritis |
| elevated WBC | acute infections, bacterial infections |
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