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Chapter 6
Consilience
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| intrinsic | belonging naturally; essential |
| hypothesis | proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested |
| thrust | the propulsive force (usu. of a jet or rocket engine) |
| empirical | a source of knowledge acquired by means of observation or experimentation |
| prescribe | to make (something) an official rule |
| distinctive | characteristic of one person or thing, and so serving to distinguish it from others |
| gene | heritable information that is passed down from generation to generation |
| phylogeny | the evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms |
| precarious | not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse/ dependent on chance; uncertain |
| pristine | in its original condition; unspoiled |
| semantic | relating to meaning in language or logic |
| eukaryote | any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures (organelles) enclosed within membranes |
| dualism | denotes a state of two parts |
| repose | to be situated, kept in a particular place |
| corporeal | of or relating to a person's body, esp. as opposed to their spirit |
| congenial | pleasant because of a personality, qualities, or interests that are similar to one's own |
| transcedent | beyond or above the range of normal or merely physical human experience |
| paradigm | a typical example or pattern of something; a model |
| expeditionary | of or forming an expedition, esp. a military expedition |
| lineament | a distinctive feature or characteristic, esp. of the face |
| androcentric | focused or centered on men |
| coaxial | having a common axis |
| depolarization | a positive-going change in the cell's membrane potential |
| myelin | a mixture of proteins and phospholipids forming a whitish insulating sheath around many nerve fibers, increasing the speed at which impulses are conducted |
| integration | the action or process of bringing things together |
| dendrites | threadlike receptor branches growing out from the cell bodies |
| neurotransmitter | a chemical that either excites an electric discharge in the receiving cell or prevents one from occurring |
| myriad | a countless or extremely great number |
| summation | the process of adding things together |
| aesthetic | a set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artist or artistic movement |
| reverberating | (of a loud noise) be repeated several times as an echo |
| staccato | with each sound or note sharply detached or separated from the others |
| hominid | a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors |
| aggregate | a whole formed by combining several elements |
| assemblage | a collection or gathering of things or people |
| intervene | come between so as to prevent or alter a result or course of events |
| liquescent | becoming or apt to become liquid |
| prosopagnosia | an inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, typically as a result of damage to the brain |
| perturbance | a deviation of a system, moving object, or process from its regular or normal state of path, caused by an outside influence |
| hyperreligiosity | the tendency to charge all events, large and small, with cosmic significance |
| hypergraphia | a compulsion to express visions in an undisciplined stream of poems, letters or stories |
| positron emission tomography | a method that reveals patterns of nerve-cell firing |
| holistic | characterized by comprehension of the parts of something as intimately interconnected and explicable only by reference to the whole |
| cognition | the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses |
| mind | the element of a person that enables them to be aware of the world and their experiences, to think, and to feel; the faculty of consciousness and thought |
| conscious | the state of being awake and aware of one's surroundings |
| Cartesian Theater | derisive term coined by Daniel Dennett to pointedly refer to a defining aspect of what he calls Cartesian materialism, which he considers to be the often unacknowledged remnants of Cartesian dualism in modern materialistic theories of the mind |
| Daniel Dennett | a philospher and cognitive scientist that coined the term Cartesian theater |
| derisive | expressing contempt or ridicule |
| coherent | logical and consistent |
| geniculate | bent at a sharp angle |
| transduce | to convert from one form to another |
| multitudinous | very numerous |
| hypertext | a software system that links topics on the screen to related information and graphics, which are typically accessed by a point-and-click method |
| antagonistic | showing or feeling active opposition or hostility toward someone or something |
| reflex | swift automatic responses mediated by short circuits of neurons through the spinal cord and lower brain |
| impervious | not allowing fluid to pass through |
| archaism | a thing that is very old or old-fashioned |
| limbic system | a complex system of nerves and networks in the brain, involving several areas near the edge of the cortex concerned with instinct and mood. It controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring) |
| nuance | a subtle difference in or shade of meaning, expression, or sound |
| neurohormone | a hormone that is released by nerve impulses |
| emotion | modification of neural activity that animates and focuses mental activity |
| dynamism | the quality of being characterized by vigorous activity and progress |
| turbulent | characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not controlled or calm |
| dynamic | characterized by constant change, activity, or progress |
| reciprocity | the practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit, esp. privileges granted by one country or organization to another |
| reverie | a state of being pleasantly lost in one's thoughts; a daydream |
| disencumbertiter | to relieve of burdens or hardships |
| titer | the concentration of a solution as determined by titration |
| primary emotion | comprises the responses ordinarily called inborn or instinctive (requires little conscious effort beyond the recognition of the stimuli) |
| secondary emotions | arise from personalized events of life |
| retrofit | add (a component or accessory) to something that did not have it when manufactured |
| conventional | based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed |
| meaning | the linkage among the neural networks created by the spreading excitation that enlarges imagery and engages emotion |
| mood | persistent form and intensity of emotion |
| creativity | ability of the brain to generate novel scenarios and settle on the most effective among them |
| insanity | persistent production of scenarios lacking reality and survival value |
| broker | a person who buys and sells goods or assets for others |
| elusive | difficult to find, catch, or achieve |
| ineffable | too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words |
| cloister | seclude or shut up in or as if in a convent or monastery |
| impasse | a situation in which no progress is possible, esp. because of disagreement; a deadlock |
| expatiate | speak or write at length or in detail |
| westering | nearing the west |
| fortiori | with greater reason; for a still stronger, more certain reason; "if you are wrong then, a fortiori, so am I" |
| modalities | modal quality |
| armamentaria | the medicines, equipment, and techniques available to a medical practitioner |
| lexicon | the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge |
| supernal | of or relating to the sky or the heavens; celestial |
| immaterial | unimportant under the circumstances; irrelevant |
| legion | a vast host, multitude, or number of people or things |
| discordant | disagreeing or incongruous |
| entrain | to pull or draw along after itself |
| fatalism | the belief that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable |
| interlocutor | a person who takes part in a dialogue or conversation |
| criterion | a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided |
| humanoid | having an appearance or character resembling that of a human |
| surmise | suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it |
| seminal | strongly influencing later developments |
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bioseniorsem
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