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Chapter 2
Community-Based Nursing Care of the Child and Family
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| populations | groups of ppl who live in a community and have characteristics in common |
| target populations/subpopulations | more narrowly defined groups (e.g., nonimmunized preschoolers, obese middle schoolers) |
| community oriented care | involves a collaboration of individuals and groups, including health care providers, advocates, government, managed care organizations, businesses, children, and families, w/in a specific community |
| community health nursing | focuses on promoting and maintaining the health of individuals, families, and groups in a community setting |
| epidemiology | the science of population health applied to the detection of morbidity and mortality in a population |
| morbidity rates | used to measure disease and injury and along w/ natality and mortality rates present an objective picture of the health status of a community |
| incidence | measures the occurrence of new events in a population during a time period |
| prevalence | measures existing events in a population during a time period |
| agent | responsible for causing a disease and may be an infectious agent such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a chemical agent such as lead in paint, or a physical agent such as fire |
| host | factors are those that are specific to an individual or group |
| enviornmental factors | provide a setting for the host and include the climate conditions in which host lives and factors related to the home, neighborhood, and school |
| primary prevention | focuses of health promotion and prevention of the disease or injury (e.g., well child care clinics, immunization programs, safety programs) |
| secondary prevention | focuses on screening and early dx of disease (e.g., tuberculosis and lead screening programs) |