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Micro2 mycology quz1
Practice for mycology quizes 1 and 2 in Micro2 at Del Tech Owens
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mycology is the science and study of fungi. Clinical or medical mycology is the study of ? | molds and yeasts that causes infectious disease |
| Possessing 2 different forms or phases is known as ? | dimorphism |
| Molds phase at what temperature, while yeast phase at what temperature? | molds=room temp (about 21C) : yeast=37C |
| When observing a yeast or mold colony macroscopically, you should look at __ __ of the plate. | both sides |
| Fungi can be gram stained, but they are always gram __ and therefore stain __ in color. | gram positive, stain blue |
| What 3 things should you consider when trying to ID fungi macroscopically? | 1. color (both sides of plate) 2. texture on front of plate 3. Topography on both both sides (reverse side best) |
| What 4 ways can we describe the texture of fungi? | 1. cottony/woolly 2. velvety 3. granular/powdery 4. glabrous/waxy |
| If a fungal colony has no real topography, it is said to be ? | flat |
| If a fungal colony has a folded pinwheel topography, it is called ? | rugose |
| If a fungal colony has an elevated center, it is called ? | umbonate (can still be rugose as well) |
| If a fungal colony has a wrinkled topography, it is called ? | verrucose |
| In general, which half of a yeast hyphae has reproductive structures? | aerial hyphae |
| A hypha consists of one or more cells surrounded by a __ cell wall. | tubular |
| In most fungi, hyphae are divided into cells by internal cross-walls called ? | "septa" (singular septum) |
| Septa are usually perforated by __ large enough for ribosomes, mitochondria and sometimes nuclei to flow between cells. | pores |
| The major structural polymer in fungal cell walls is typically __, in contrast to plants that have cellulosic cell walls. | chitin |
| Fungi that lack partitioned septa in their hyphae are called ? | aseptate |
| Hyphae grow at their ? | tips |
| What is the ideal temperature for fungal growth? | 30C |
| Medical mycology specimens are usually incubated at what temperature range? | 25C-37C |
| Most fungi that cause systemic and deadly diseases are __ species. | dimorphic |
| Fungal cultures are usually kept for at least how long in the medical lab? | 4 weeks |
| What kind of fungal culture is kept for at least 6 weeks in the medical lab? | Histoplasma capsulatum |
| Of the 3 fungal media in our Powerpoint, which one is highest in salt? | Sabouraud dextrose agar |
| Of the 3 fungal media in our Powerpoint, which one is enriched? | Brain heart infusion |
| Which of the 3 fungal media in our Powerpoint is referred to as inhibitory? | Inhibitory mold agar |
| What kind of wet mount microscopic slide can be used as a fast and easy way to tell yeast from bacteria? | saline wet mount |
| Which wet mount preparation is the most widely used method of staining and observing fungi and is simple to prepare? | lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB) |
| The KOH test, which is also called a potassium hydroxide preparation, is done to rapidly diagnose fungal infections of the ? | hair, skin, or nails |
| What is a common label for a group of three types of fungus that commonly causes skin disease in animals and humans? | dermatrophytes |
| What kind of stain can be used to see specific structures of yeast under a microscope? | lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB) |
| What kind of negative stain can be used to see if a cell has a gelatinous capsule and to detect the presence of encapsulated yeast? | India ink |
| __ __ is a special fluorescent stain that binds strongly to structures containing cellulose and chitin, such as yeast cells. | Calcofluor-white |
| What kind of test uses potassium hydroxide to dissolve skin cells, hair, and debris, while also using a dye to add color to the yeast? | KOH test |
| The aerial hyphae extend above the agar while the food-absorbing structure of the mycelium is beneath the agar. It is called the __ portion of the mycelium. | vegatative |
| The reproductive structures on the tips of the aerial hyphae are commonly called ? | conidia |
| __ __ have blunt and branched ends that resemble the antlers of a buck deer, | Favic chandeliers |
| Favic chandeliers are diagnostic of which kind of fungus? | Trichophyton schoenleinii |
| Trichophyton schoenleinii causes dermatophytosis, or __ of the skin, hair, or nails. | ringworm |
| Knots of twisted hyphae are called ? | nodular organs |
| Some fungal hyphae look sort of like paddles or tennis rackets placed end to end. These are known as __ hyphae. | racquet |
| Older cultures of hyphae may be flat or turn like a corkscrew. They are known as __ hyphae. | spiral |
| Yeasts have individual round or oval cells that __ to form new daughter cells. | bud |
| Do fungi have chlorophyll? | No |
| Dimorphic fungi living inside of a patient will be molds with hyphae or yeasts with buds? | yeasts |
| Do fungi reproduce sexually or asexually? | both are possible |
| Sexual reproduction involves fusion of 2 nuceli into a __. | zygote |
| The field of asexual (anamorph) fungal reproduction is referred to as __. | conidiogenesis |
| During conidiogenesis, the parent cell is known as the __. | conidiogenous |
| During conidiogensis, the conidiogenous (parent) cell enlarges, then a septum separates the enlarged portion into a daughter cell. This cell originated __. | blastically |
| If a fungal septum forms first and the growing point ahead of it becomes the daughter cell, then it is developing __. | thallically |
| The prefix __ in front of the word means that all wall layers of the parent cell are involved in the daughter conidium's development. | holo |
| The prefix __ means that only the inner cell wall layers are involved in the development of the daughter cell. | entero |
| If a fungus develops thallically and the daughter cells fragment within the hyphal strand before dispersing, this is called __ conidiogenesis. | arthric |
| A __ arises by conversion of an entire hyphal element into a multicelled (septate) conidium. They are large. | macroconidium |
| A __ is produced in the same way as a macroconidium, but the new conidium remains aseptate. They are small. | microconidium |
| When a macroconidium or microconidium arises on the sides of the hyphae, they are called ? | sessile |
| Thick walled conidia called __ may form during harsh environmental conditions and will only germinate when the environment is better. | chlamydoconidia |
| Sessile refers to a structure on the side of the fungus. If a structure forms at the tip of the hyphae, it is called ? | terminal |
| A structure that forms inside of the hyphal strand is called ? | intercalary |
| __ separate within the parent hyphal strand, then fragment from the septation points in the chain. | arthroconidia |
| The empty spaces inside of a hyphae, which give it a checkered appearance, are called __ cells. | disjunctor |
| Arthroconidia may be separated by empty (disjunctor) cells, or they may form __ to each other within the hyphae. | adjacent |
| What fungus can be partially identified by the presence of disjunctor cells? | Coccidioides immitis |
| Conidia are only formed in __ fungi. | septate |
| __ are round spores that only form in aseptate fungi. | sporangiospores |
| Sporangiospores are formed by internal cleavage of the contents of a sac called a __. | sporangium (sporangia is plural) |
| Just to make life needlessly difficult, the stem that supports a sporangium filled with sporangiospore is called a ? | sporangiophore (notice the PH) |
| The base between the stem, or sporangiophore, and the sac, or sporangium, is called a __. | columella |
| When the sac, or sporangium, dissolves, the sporangiospores will __. The darker columella will remain intact. | spread |
| Sporangiospores are only seen in what taxonomic phylum? | Zygomycota |
| Spores that look like bunches of grapes hanging on stems are called ? | blastospores or blastoconidia |
| Blastoconidia may be seen in molds or yeasts? | both |
| In some yeast species, blastoconidia elongate to form __ which align end to end. | pseudohyphae |
| Unlike true hyphae, pseudohyphae are __ at the points of attachment. | constricted or narrower |
| Seen in Bipolaris, __ are formed by the daughter pushing through a minute pore in the parent cell. | poroconidia |
| When the parent cell of a poroconidia is in a long stalk, this is called a ? | conidiophore |
| Fungi with a sexual or teleomorph stage are called ? | Perfect Fungi |
| Fungi that have no sexual stage are called __ __ and are in the phylum of Deuteromycota. | Fungi Imperfecti |
Created by:
IsaacJ
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