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Genetics

TermDefinition
Allele Any form of a gene
Trait Characteristics that are inherited
Gene A section of DNA
Chromosome Makes up DNA
DNA Carries the genetic information in a cell
Heterozygous 2 different alleles from a trait
Recessive The allele of a gene that is masked or hidden
Dihybrid One set of alleles from each parent
Cross Mating between two organisms
Dominant The allele of a gene that is expressed
Genotype A set of alleles that an organism processes
Homozygous 2 identical alleles from a trait
Monohybrid An offspring from parents that differ at only genes
Genome The study of genomes
Purebred The offspring with the same form of traits as the parent
Phenotype The physical appearance of the genotype
Homologous Having the same gene sequence from other chromosomes
Incomplete Heterozygous phenotype that is a blend of the 2 homozygous phenotype
Codominance Heterozygous genotype that equally expresses the trait from both alleles
Carrier Organism who has a gene for a certain trait or disease that does not show up in the organisms phenotype
Sex-linked Genes Gene that is located on a sex chromosome
Polygenic Trait that is produced by two or more genes
Epistasis Albino is an example of a gene that prevents the expression of all the other genes for that trait
Pedigree Chart of the phenotypes and genotypes in a family that is used to determine whether an individual is a carrier of a recessive allele
Karyotype Image of all of the chromosomes in a cell
Law of Segregation Mendel's first law,stating that 1. Organisms inherit two copies of genes,one from each parents 2. organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes because the genes separate during meiosis
Law of Independent Assortment Mendel's second law,stating that allele pairs separate from one another during meiosis
Created by: Shadow7777
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