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vocabulary ch. 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| reactant | a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
| Product | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
| chemical energy | the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds |
| exothermic reaction | a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings |
| endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that requires heat |
| synthesis reaction | a reaction in which substances com- bine to form a new compound |
| decomposition reaction | a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances |
| electrolysis | the process in which an electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as the decom- position of water |
| combustion reaction | the oxidation reaction of an organic compound, in which heat is released |
| single-displacment reaction | a reaction in which one ele- ment or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound |
| double-displacement reaction | reaction a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds |
| oxidation-reduction reaction | any chemical change in which one species is oxidized (loses electrons) and an- other species is reduced (gains electrons); also called redox reaction ( |
| radical | an organic group that has one or more electrons available for bonding |
| chemical equation | a state of balance in which the rate of a forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reac- tion and the concentrations of products and reactants re- main unchanged |
| conversion factor | a ratio that is derived from the equality of two different units and that can be used to convert from one unit to the other |
| ratio | is the relationship between two things. |
| enzyme | a type of protein that speeds up metabolic reac- tions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed |
| substrate | the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes |
| chemical equilibrium | a state of balance in which the rate of a forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reac- tion and the concentrations of products and reactants re- main unchanged |
| mole | he SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance whose number of particles is the same as the number of atoms of carbon in 12 g of carbon-12 |
| Avogadro's constant | equals 6.02 |
| molar mass | the mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance |
Created by:
brittanypogue
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