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BIO Chapter 1

The Human Body Overview

TermDefinition
What is Anatomy? The study of structure.
What is physiology? The study of function at many levels.
What are the levels of organization from smallest to biggest? Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What are the 11 organ systems? Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive.
What are the necessary life functions? Maintain boundaries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, and growth.
What is homeostasis? A dynamic state of equilibrium
What are the components of a control mechanism? Receptor, control center, and effector
What does the receptor do in the control mechanism? monitors the environment and responds to stimuli
What is the pathway between the receptor and the control center? afferent pathway
What does the control center do in the control mechanism? determines set point at which variable is maintained, receives input, and determines appropriate response
What is the pathway between the control center and effector called? efferent pathway
What does the effector do in the control mechanism? receives output from the control center, responds, the response either reduces or enhances stimulus (feedback)
What is negative feedback? response reduces or shuts off the original stimulus.
Name examples of negative feedback. regulation of body temperature
What is positive feedback? response enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus
Name examples of positive feedback blood clotting and labor.
Describe superior and inferior. Superior: top inferior: bottom
Created by: lmbaker16
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