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Med Term Mod 1
Chapters 1&2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| algia | Pain, painful condition |
| dys | Bad, difficult, or painful |
| ectomy | surgical removal, cutting out |
| hyper | excessive, increased |
| hypo | deficient, decreased |
| itis | inflammation |
| osis | abnormal condition |
| ostomy | surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface |
| otomy | cutting, surgical incision |
| plasty | surgical repair |
| rrhage | bleeding, abnormal excessice fluid discharge |
| rrhaphy | surgical suturing |
| rrhea | flow or discharge |
| rrhexis | rupture |
| sclerosis | abnormal hardening |
| cyan/o | blue |
| erythr/o | red |
| leuk/o | white |
| melan/o | black |
| poli/o | gray |
| Physiology | the study of the functions of the structures of the body |
| Anatomic position | body standing in the standard position, erect and facing forward, holding arms at the sides with the hands turned so that the palms face toward the front |
| Midsagittal plane | also known as midline divides the body into equal left and right halves |
| Frontal plane | vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior |
| Transverse plane | horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions |
| dorsal | refers to the back of the organ or body |
| anterior | means situated in the front. also means on the front or forward |
| posterior | means situated in the back |
| Caudal | means toward the lower part of the body |
| medial | means the direction toward or nearer the midline |
| lateral | means the direction toward or nearer the side of the body away from the midline |
| cranial cavity | located within the skull surrounds and protects the brain |
| spinal cavity | located within the spinal column surrounds and protects the spinal cord |
| ventral cavity | located along the front of the body contains the body organs that sustain homeostasis |
| homeostasis | the processes through which the body maintains a constant internal enviroment |
| thoracic cavity | also known as the chest cavity surrounds and protects the heart and lungs |
| abdominal cavity | contains primarily the major organs of digestion |
| pelvic cavity | space formed by the hip bones and contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory system |
| right and left hypochondriac regions | are covered by the lower ribs |
| peritoneum | a multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity |
| parietal peritoneum | the outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal wall |
| mesentery | is a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall |
| visceral peritoneum | the inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity |
| retroperitoneal | means located behind the peritoneum |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum |
| Phenylketonuria | genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing |
| histology | is the study of the structure composition and function of tissues |
| muscle tissue | contains cells with the specialized ability to contract and relax |
| aplasia | is the defective development or the congenital absence of an organ or tissue |
| hypoplasia | is the incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells |
| anaplasia | is a change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other |
| hyperplasia | is the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues |
| endocrine glands | produce hormones, do not have ducts |
| adenitis | the inflammation of a gland |
| adenoma | a benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue |
| adenomalacia | the abnormal softening of a glad |
| adenosis | is any disease or condition of a gland |
| adenosclerosis | is the abnormal hardening of a gland |
| adenectomy | is the surgical removal of a gland |
| etiology | the study of the causes of diseases |
| blood-borne transmission | is the spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids that are contaminated with blood |
| epidemic | is a sudden and widespread outbreak of disease within a specific population group or area |
| skeletal system | supports and shapes the body |
| pandemic | refers to an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area possible world wide |
| idiopathic disorder | is an illness without known cause |
| nosocomial infection | is a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting |
| atresia | describes the congenital absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular |
| geriatrician | a physician who specializes in the care of older people |
| geriatrics | the study of medical problems and care of older people |
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