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Psychology Ch7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Primary Reinforcer | type of inborn reinforcing stimulus that satisfies a biological need |
| Conditioned Reinforcer | stimulus gains reinforcing power and associated with primary reinforcer |
| Continuous Reinforcement | reinforces desired result when stimulus occurs and there is always a response |
| Partial (Intermittent) Reinforcement | reinforcement only some of the time and is more resistant to extinction |
| Fixed-ratio Schedule | in operant conditioning and it is a reinforcement schedule with a predictable number of responses |
| Variable- ratio Schedule | in operant conditioning and it is a reinforcement schedule with a sporadic number of responses |
| Fixed- Interval Schedule | in operant conditioning it is a reinforcement schedule that only after a specific time amount is there a reinforcement |
| Variable-interval Schedule | in operant conditioning it is a reinforcement schedule when reinforcement is given in unknown time intervals |
| Punishment | decreases following behavior with a negative effect |
| Cognitive Map | mental layout of an environment |
| Latent Learning | learning that can not always be shown until there is a need to do so |
| Intrinsic Motivation | personal motivation for wanting to do something for own satisfaction |
| Extrinsic Motivation | wanting to do something in order to not get punished or to get a reward |
| Operant Conditioning Steps | state your goal, monitor how often you engage in desired behavior, reinforce desired behavior, reduce rewards gradually |
| Observational Learning | learn by watching others |
| Modeling | learn by doing (prosocial, antisocial) |
| Mirror Neurons | frontal lobe neurons that fire during certain actions or by seeing someone perform an action |
| Prosocial Behavior | positive, helpful, constructive |
| Learning | growing behaviorally from experience |
| Associative Learning | assuming things happen together or making a connection between things |
| Classical Conditioning | type of learning that links two or more stimuli to an event |
| Behaviorism | psychology view in which we are responsive to stimuli and environment |
| Unconditioned Response | unlearned naturally occurring reaction |
| Unconditioned Stimulus | natural stimulus |
| Conditioned Response | learned response |
| Conditioned Stimulus | becomes a trigger for a learned response |
| Acquisition | in classical conditioning when linking a conditioned stimulus to a new neural response |
| Higher-order Conditioning | weaker conditioned stimulus is made from conditioned stimulus ans new neural stimulus |
| Extinction | no more conditioned responding |
| Law of Effect | Thorndike's Principle where behaviors are more frequent when followed by praise and behaviors followed by scolding are more scarce |
| Operant Chamber | (Skinner Box) has a bar or key in which an animal can hit to get food or water it records the amount of times the bar or key is pressed |
| Shaping | operant conditioning process that reinforces behaviors closer to a wanted behavior |
| Reinforcer | anything that strengthens a following behavior |
| Positive Reinforcement | behaviors increase with a positive stimuli or gaining something |
| Negative Reinforcement | behaviors stop or reduce with negative stimuli or taking away something |
| Spontaneous Recovery | out of the blue appearance of a conditioned response |
| Generalization | stimuli similar to stimulus that creates similar results |
| Discrimination | only certain stimulus can cause a reaction |
| Respondent Behavior | behavior occurring as a response to some stimuli |
| Operant Conditioning | type of learning that behavior is strengthened when reinforced or behavior is diminished when followed by a punisher |
| Operant Behavior | environment induced behavior that creates consequences |
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angelchocolate
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