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Musculoskeletal
The Musculoskeletal System - Medical Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| osseous | bony |
| osteoblast | cell associated with the production of bone |
| osteoclast | large cell associated with absorption or removal of bone |
| osteocyte | mature osteoblast |
| collagen | fibrous insoluble protein in white fibers of connective tissue |
| periosteum | specialized connective tissue covering all bones |
| endosteum | connective tissue membrane lining the medullary cavity of bone |
| medullary | pertaining to bone marrow |
| diaphysis | shaft of a bone |
| epiphysis | end of a long bone |
| ossification | formation of bone |
| calcification | deposit of calcium salts within bony tissue |
| axis | straight line passing through center of body |
| axial | forming an axis |
| appendicular | pertaining to appendage |
| skeleton | bony framework of body consisting 206 bones |
| skeletal | pertaining to the skeleton |
| cranium | the skull |
| frontal | pertaining to the forehead |
| parietal | pertaining to two bones that form roof and upper sides of cranium |
| temporal | pertaining to the temple |
| occipital | pertaining to the back & most lower base of skull |
| sphenoid | pertaining to bones that extend behind eyes |
| ethmoid | pertaining to delicate bone that forms the internal nasal structure |
| suture | one of the jagged seams that unite the adjoining bones of the skull |
| fontanel | space located at the junction of the sutures in the skull of an infant |
| sinus | one of the eight air-filled cavities in the skull that communicate with the nasal cavity |
| orbital | pertaining to eye socket |
| zygoma | the cheekbone |
| maxilla | one pair of bones forming the upper jaw |
| maxillary | pertaining to upper jaw bone |
| mandible | lower jaw bone |
| mandibular | pertaining to lower jaw bone |
| nasal | pertaining to the nose |
| vertebra | a backbone |
| intervertebral | situated between two adjacent vertebrae |
| cervical | pertaining to the neck |
| thoracic | pertaining to the chest |
| lumbar | pertaining to the loin |
| sacrum | large triangular bone near the lower end of spinal column |
| coccyx | tail bone at end of spinal column |
| coccygeal | pertaining to tail bone |
| costa | a rib |
| intercostal | between the ribs |
| sternum | the breastbone |
| manubrium | upper portion of the sternum |
| xiphoid process | lower end of sternum |
| pelvis | ring of bone at the base of spinal column |
| pelvic | pertaining to pelvic bone |
| ilium | uppermost bone of each pelvic bone |
| ischium | inferoposterior bone of each pelvic |
| pubis | inferoanterior bone of each hip bone |
| symphysis pubis | cartilaginous joint formed by union of 2 pubic bones at midline |
| clavicle | collarbone |
| clavicular | pertaining to collar bone |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| glenoid | socket-like |
| acromion | lateral extension of projecting spine of the scapula |
| humerus | upper arm bone |
| radius | shorter and thicker of the two forearm bones located on the side of the thumb |
| uina | forearm bone on the side of the little finger |
| carpus | eight bones of the wrist |
| metacarpus | five bones of the hand between the wrist and fingers |
| phalanx | any bone of a finger or toe |
| acetabulum | hip socket |
| os innominatum | nameless bone |
| os coxae | hip bone |
| femur | thigh bone |
| patella | knee-cap |
| tibia | shin bone |
| fibula | smaller lateral bone of lower leg |
| tarsus | the ankle |
| calcaneus | the heel bone |
| metatarsus | part of the foot between the tarsus and toes |
| phalangeal | pertaining to phalanx |
| condyle | knobby projection at the end of a bone that fits into a joint |
| malleolus | bony projection on either side of the ankle joint |
| fossa | depression in a bone or other structure |
| olecranon | process of the ulna forming the bony prominence of the elbow |
| foramen | natural opening that may pass through the bone |
| meatus | tube-shaped passage |
| mastoid | formed like a breast or nipple |
| process | noticeable projection of bone |
| articulation | a joint |
| ligament | a string, tie or band |
| tendon | strong cord of fibrous connective tissue that attach muscles to bones |
| bursa | a leather sac |
| meniscus | crescent-shpaed fibrocartilage in the knee joint |
| retinaculum | a halter |
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