Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

Used a light microscope to look at cells in the 1600s

Used a compound microscope to look at cells in the 1600s

1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms 3. All cells come from preexisting cells

A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

A microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.

a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose.

the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.

a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase.

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria.

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria.

the lens or group of lenses that is closest to the eye in a microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument.

The part of a microscope, often rotatable, to which one or more objective lenses are attached.

large, round knob on the side of the microscope used for focusing the specimen; it may move either the stage or the upper part of the microscope.

knob-small, round knob on the side of the microscope used to fine-tune the focus of your specimen after using the coarse adjustment knob.

controls the amount of light going through the aperture.

large, flat area under the objectives; it has a hole in it (see aperture) that allows light through; the specimen/slide is placed on the stage for viewing.

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Chapter 7 Section 1

Vocabulary

Term	Definition
Cells	Make up living organisms
Anton Von Leeuwenhoek	Used a light microscope to look at cells in the 1600s
Robert Hooke	Used a compound microscope to look at cells in the 1600s
Cell Theory	1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms 3. All cells come from preexisting cells
Ribosomes	A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Plasma membrane	A microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.
Cell wall	a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose.
Nucleus	the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
Nucleolus	a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase.
Chromosomes	a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Organelles	any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Prokaryotes	a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Eukaryotes	an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria.
Eyepiece	the lens or group of lenses that is closest to the eye in a microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument.
Objectives	the lens or group of lenses that is closest to the eye in a microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument.
Nosepiece	The part of a microscope, often rotatable, to which one or more objective lenses are attached.
Coarse adjustment	large, round knob on the side of the microscope used for focusing the specimen; it may move either the stage or the upper part of the microscope.
Fine adjustment	knob-small, round knob on the side of the microscope used to fine-tune the focus of your specimen after using the coarse adjustment knob.
Diaphragm	controls the amount of light going through the aperture.
Stage	large, flat area under the objectives; it has a hole in it (see aperture) that allows light through; the specimen/slide is placed on the stage for viewing.

Created by: katlynnharmon

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