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Chapter 24 Vocab b.2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Invertebrate | animal without a backbone; between 95-99 percent of animal species are invertebrates |
| Exoskeleton | hard or tough outer covering of many invertebrates that provides support, protects body tissues, prevents water loss, and protects the organism from predation |
| Endoskeleton | internal skeleton that protects internal organs, provides support for the organism's body, and can provide an internal brace for muscles to pull against |
| Vertebrate | animal with an endoskeleton and a backbone |
| Hermaphrodite | animal the produces both sperm and eggs in its body, generally at different times |
| Zygote | fertilized egg formed when a sperm cell penetrates an egg |
| Internal Fertilization | type of fertilization that occurs when sperm and egg combine inside an animal's body |
| External Fertilization | type of fertilization that occurs when sperm and egg combine outside and animal's body |
| Blastula | fluid-filled ball of cells formed by mitotic cell division of the embryo |
| Gastrula | two-cell-layer sac with an opening at one end that forms from the blastula during embryonic development |
| Endoderm | inner layer of cells in the gastrula that develops into digestive organs and the digestive tract lining |
| Ectoderm | outer layer of cells in the gastrula that develops into nervous tissue and skin |
| Mesoderm | layer of cells between the endoderm and the ectoderm that can become muscle tissue and tissue of the circulatory and excretory systems |
| Symmetry | balance or similarity in body structures of organisms |
| Radial Symmetry | body plan that can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into roughly equal halves |
| Anterior | head end of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| Posterior | tail end of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| Cephalization | tendency to concentrate sensory organs and nervous tissue at an animal's anterior end |
| Dorsal | backside of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| Ventral | underside or belly of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| Coelom | fluid-filled body cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm |
| Pseudocoelom | fluid-filled body cavity between the mesoderm and the endoderm |
| Acoelomate | animal with a solid body that lacks a fluid-filled body cavity between the gut and the body wall |
| Protostome | coelomate animals whose mouth develops from the opening in the gastrula |
| Deuterostome | coelomate animal whose anus develops from the opening in the gastrula |
| Filter Feeder | organism that filters small particles from water to get its food |
| Sessile | organism permanently attached to one place |
| Cnidocytes | nematocyst-containing stinging cell on a cnidarian's tentacle |
| Nematocyst | capsule whose threadlike tube contains poison and barbs and is discharged when prey touches a cnidarian |
| Gastrovascular Activity | in cnidarians, the space surrounded by an inner cell layer, where digestion take place |
| Nerve Net | cnidarian nervous system that conducts impulses to and from all parts of the body |
| Polyp | tube=shaped, sessile ody form of cnidarians |
| Medusa | umbrella-shape, free-swimming body form of cnidarians |
Created by:
Emmelee
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