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Functions of the Bra

Functions of the various structures of the brain

TermDefinition
CEREBRUM The largest portion of the brain; conscious thoughts, sensations, intellectual functions, memory storage and retrieval, and complex movements originate in this region.
THALAMUS Important relay and processing centers for sensory information; general awareness of sensations.
HYPOTHALAMUS Contains centers involved with emotions, autonomic regulation of homeostasis and hormone production.
PONS Connects the cerebellum to the brain stem and contains reflex centers involved in regulating respiratory rhythm in conjunction with the lower brain stem centers.
MIDBRAIN - MESENCEPHALON Processes visual and auditory information and generates involuntary motor responses. Helps maintain consciousness
MEDULLA OBLONGATA Contains autonomic centers; which regulate blood pressure, respiration and digestive activities, as well as coughing and sneezing centers
CEREBELLUM Controls coordination of posture and skeletal muscle movements.
CHOROID PLEXUS Produces Cerebral Spinal Fluid
VENTRICLES Central passageways that form four chambers throughout the brain. Circulating Cerebral Spinal fluid through these passageways provides necessary nutrients to the brain.
CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID Surrounds and bathes the entire central nervous system; provides cushioning, support, transports nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products. This fluid can provide useful clinical information concerning injury, infection or disease of the CNS
CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT Connects the third and fourth ventricle of the brain.
GYRI Elevated ridges of the cerebrum
SULCI Shallow depressions of the cerebrum
LONGITUDINAL FISSURE Deep depression dividing the cerebrum into right and left hemispheres
CORPUS CALLOSUM Large white mater fibrous tract that connects the cerebral hemispheres
CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLES White mater tracts in the midbrain that link the cerebellum with the cerebral cortex, basal nuclei and brain stem to help maintain posture and coordinate movement.
CORPORA QUADREGEMINA: SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR COLLICULI Controls the ability to follow auditory and visual stimuli.
VISUAL CORTEX Portion of the occipital lobe that receives visual information
GUSTATORY CORTEX Portion of the frontal lobe that receives taste sensations
AUDITORY CORTEX Portion of the temporal lobe that receives information about hearing
OLFACTORY CORTEX Portion of the temporal lobe that receives information about smell
PINEAL GLAND Endocrine gland responsible for the secretion of melatonin; melatonin is important in regulating day-night cycles
RETICULAR FORMATION Diffuse network of gray mater that extends the entire length of the brain stem; contains the RAS which controls wakefulness and attention
LIMBIC SYSTEM Group of nuclei and centers in the cerebrum and diencephalons that are involved with emotional states, memories and behavioral drives
CEREBRAL PEDUNCLES Descending bundles of nerve fibers of the midbrain
OPTIC NERVE Carries visual information from the eyes.
OPTIC TRACT Carries visual information to the thalamus
Oculomotor Nerve III Nerve that controls the muscles of the eye
Created by: Mrs. Crossman
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