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Lesson 14
Transcription, Translation, and Protein Synthesis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) | nucleic acid made of a single strand of nucleotides. It acts as a messenger between DNA and carries out protein synthesis for the cell |
| Messenger RNA (mRNA) | carries a copy of DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of the cell |
| Transcription | process where a molecule of DNA is copied into a complementary strand of RNA. Transcription takes place in the nucleus by mRNA |
| Transfer RNA (tRNA) | one kind of RNA that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome. Once the transfer RNA arrives at the ribosome, it attached to a specific place on messenger RNA, which results in producing a long chain of amino acids. This protein chain gets longer and |
| Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | makes up the major portion of the ribosome. It holds and connects messenger RNA to transfer RNA |
| Codon | a group of three-nucleotide bases found on messenger RNA |
| Polypeptide | a group of amino acids bonded together |
| Anticodon | a group of three-nucleotide bases found on transfer RNA |
| Translation | process by which the mRNA’s message is translated and made into a protein chain |
Created by:
ecotteacher
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