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Endocrine System

Endocrine

QuestionAnswer
Endocrine System The endocrine (ductless) glands/organs of the body.
Hypothalamus Region of the brain containing centers involved with the subconscious regulation of visceral functions, emotions, drives, and the coordination of neural and endocrine functions.
Negative Feedback System A corrective mechanism that opposes or negates a variation from normal limits.
Positive Feedback System A mechanism that increases a deviation from normal limits after an initial stimulus.
Anterior Lobe - Pituitary Gland Adenohypophysis
Hypophyseal Portal System The network of vessels that carries blood from capillaries in the hypothalamus to capillaries in the adenohypophysis (anterior lobe of the pituitary gland).
Releasing Hormone Stimulates the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones at the adenophypophysis.
Inhibiting Hormone Prevents the synthesis and secretion of hormones from adenohypophysis.
ACTH - Adrenicorticotropic Hormone Ant. Pituitary Gland: stimulates release of steroid hormones by suprenal cortex, stimulates the production and secretion of glucocorticoids
TSH - Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Ant. Pituitary Gland: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone - targets thyroid gland and release of thyroid hormones.
Growth Hormone - GH Ant. Pituitary Gland: An adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)hormone that stimulates tissue growth and anabolism when nutrients are abundant and restricts tissue glucose dependence when nutrients are in short supply.
Neurophypophysis Posterior Lobe - Pituitary Gland
Glucocorticoids Suprarenal (adrenal) cortex to modify glucose metabolism; cortisol and corticosterone are important examples.
Aldosterone Raises blood sugar, antinflammatory response. A mineralocorticoid produced by the suprarenal (adrenal) cortex. Draws more water into kidney's and reabsorption of sodium
Glucagon A hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets; elevates blood glucose concentrations.
Insulin A hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreatic islets; causes a reduction in plasma glucose concentrations.
ADH - Antidiuretic Hormone A hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and secreted at the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe of the pituitary gland); causes water retention at the kidneys and an elevation of blood pressure.
Erythropoietin A hormone released by tissues, especially the kidneys, exposed to low oxygen concentrations; stimulates erythropoiesis (red blood cell formation) in bone marrow.
Renin The enzyme released by cells of the juxtaglomerular complex when renal blood flow declines; converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
angiotensin I The hormone produced by the activation of angiotensinogen by renin; angiotensin-converting enzyme converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II in lung capillaries.
angiotensin II hormone that causes an elevation in systemic blood pressure, stimulates the secretion of aldosterone, promotes thirst, and causes the release of antidiuretic hormone; angiotensin-converting enzyme in lung capillaries converts angiotensin I into angiotensi
Created by: JCowie024
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