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Enviro Science
Semester 1 Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Polydactylism | multiple fingers or toes (more than 5) |
| Environmental Science | the study of the air, water, and land surrounding an organism or a community |
| Ecology | the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another with their environment |
| Hooke (describe with 2 words) | cell, cork |
| van Leeuwenhoek (describe with 2 words) | micro, pond water |
| Schleiden (describe with 2 words) | plant cells |
| Schwann (describe with 2 words) | animal cells |
| Domain | largest classification |
| Kingdom | 2nd level of classification |
| Phylum | 3rd level of classification |
| Class | 4th level of classification |
| Order | 5th level of classification |
| Family | 6th level of classification |
| Genius | 7th level of classification |
| Species | smallest classification |
| how we use natural resources, how our actions alter our environment | |
| an example of using renewable resources | building wooden furniture |
| 24,000 to 40,000 people | die of starvation everyday |
| main types of pollution | biodegradable, non biodegradable |
| Biodiversity | the diversity, or variety, of plants and animals and other living things in a particular area or region |
| "The Tragedy of the Commons" describes what | the conflict between individuals and society |
| Sustainable | the condition in which human needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive |
| Ecological Footprint | the amount of land and ocean area needed to support one person |
| Algae | organism most likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain |
| Food Web | the term used to refer to the many feeding relationships that are possible in an ecosystem |
| Herbivores | the kind of organism that obtains energy only producers |
| If an insect eats a plant and a bird eats an insect, about how much energy comes form the plant | 10% |
| Littoral zone | a shallow zone in a freshwater habitat where light reaches the bottom and nurtures plants |
| Fresh Water Ecosystem | a subset of Earth's aquatic ecosystems. They include lakes and ponds, rivers, streams and springs, and wetlands. |
| 4 examples of freshwater ecosystems | lake, river, streams, ponds |
| nektonic | an organism that swims freely |
| Benthic | an organism that lives at the bottom of an aquatic environment, or lives attached to a hard surface |
| SEM | a microscope that gives 3D images |
| Resource Conservation | not a main environmental problem |
| Pollution and Deforestation | 2 effects of human activities on the hydrologic cycle |
| Percolation | the downward movement of water from soil |
| The Sun | it provides the energy in most ecosystems |
| phytoplankton | plankton consisting of microscopic plants |
| N2 | Atmospheric Nitrogen |
| NO3 | Nitrates |
| NO2 | Nitrites |
| NH+4 | Ammonium |
| Nitrogen | the element that is most abundant in the atmosphere |
| 2 Legume Plants | clover, cudzu |
| What role does lightening play in the nitrogen cycle | it splits it and becomes a solid and then comes down as rain |
| An autotroph is a(n) | producer |
| Chemosynthesis | derives energy from chemicals |
| Atrophosome | acts like a stomach |
| what is the base of the vent community food chain | Bacteria |
| why are the bacteria living within the roots of a soybean plant critical parts of the nitrogen cycle | they change atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form |
| Lichen | plant most likely to be a pioneer species |
| Succession is possible because | new species make the environment less suitable for previous ones |
| Phosphate Salts | do not contain carbon from bodies of plants and animals that died million of years ago |
| Eutrophication | an increase of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem |
| 2 environmental functions of wetlands | clean pollutants, and protecting the shoreline |
| 2 types of freshwater wetlands | marshes and swamps |
| non woody plants are found in | marshes |
| woody plants are found in | swamps |
| Whelk | the name of the shell found on the SC coast that looks like a conch |
| which sex of fiddler crabs has one large claw, and why | male, to attract females |
| Wetlands have | plentiful nutrients and the capacity for photosynthesis |
| Wetlands are not | limited to inland freshwater environments |
| Estuary | is a mix of salt and fresh water |
| which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem | phytoplankton |
| Estuaries are productive ecosystems because | they constantly receive nutrients from rivers and oceans |
| which ecosystem has the highest level of salinity | salt marsh |
| The _______________________ is not an important advantage for aquatic organisms living near the surface of a lake or a pond | presence of decomposing organisms |
| Spartina is | Cordgrasses that are highly aggressive invaders that significantly alter both the physical structure and biological composition of our tidal marshes, mudflats and creeks. |
| Dermal Denticles | the names of the scales covering a shark |
| 5 big classes of vertebrates | Mammals, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Fish |
| A _______________ is an example of a shark species that is ovoviviparous | Tiger Shark |
| This type of fertilization includes an egg case and egg layer | Ovoviviparous |
| What are the teeth of a shark like | conveyor belt |
| 4 Reptilian characteristics of Sea Turtles | claws, scales, ectothermic, leather like eggs |
| when was the Endangered Species Act established | 1973 |
| What order are turtles found in | Testudines |
| 5 facts about Leatherbacks | largest turtle, leather like claws, eat jellyfish, hunted for oils |
| how many species of turtles are found on the SC coast | 5 species |
| Hawksbill | endangered, streamlined, killed for shell and soup |
| Kemps Ridley | endangered, travel in herds, nest in the daytime |
| Green turtle | endangered, clean, killed for shell and meat |
| loggerhead | threatened, large head for crushing wells, weighs 150-250 pounds |
| what is a Curuncle | the beak of a baby turtle to use to get out of the shell, later it falls off |
| 5 things about Sea Turtle nesting | same place every year, body pit, eggs hatch at same time, not all eggs are fertile, they make false nests, and false tracks |
| What does T.E.D. stand for and what does it do | Turtle Excluder Device, helps reduce catch |
| Climate | long term prevailing weather conditions at a particular place based upon records |
| what is an important property of air circulation | cold air is denser than warm air |
| an observation that helps to explain circulation patterns in the atmosphere | warm air rises and cools as it rises |
| rain frequently results when | warm moist air rises |
| a physical property of air is | warm air can hold more water vapor than an equal amount of cold air |
| why is it that prevailing winds do not blow directly northward or southward | the earth continues to spin |
| what is the weather like along the South American coast during an el nino year | a lot of rain, there is no up welling, warm water |
| 2 things about el nino | lasts for a short period of time, droughts occur in other countries |
| What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis | 6CO2+6H20+Solar Energy=C6H12O6+6O2 |
| What is the chemical equation for Cellular Respiration | C6H12O6 + 6 O2=6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP) |
Created by:
tbostwick
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