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Chapter 1 vocabulary
Words + definitions
Word | Definition |
---|---|
DNA | a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses |
Nucleotide | Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the monomers, or subunits, of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. |
RNA | a ubiquitous family of large biological molecules that perform multiple vital roles in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes |
Ribosome | a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins. |
Mutation | the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chrom |