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1409 Biology Final
Test 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which is not a unique evolutionary development that allowed plants to live on dry land? | Photosynthesis |
| Gametophyte | Haploid generation; undergoes mitosis to yield haploid gametes |
| Mitosis | Nuclear division that maintains the chromosome number constant |
| Sporophyte | Diploid generation; undergoes meiosis to yield haploid spores |
| Meiosis | Cell division that halves the chromosome number |
| Fertilization | Fusion of two haploid gametes to form one diploid zygote |
| What evolutionary advantages do ferns and their allies/close relatives have that mosses/bryophytes lack? | Dominant sporophyte, xylem and phloem |
| Gymnosperms differ from ferns and their allies/close relatives because | Gymnosperms have seeds; ferns do not |
| Angiosperms all have flowers and | Seeds covered with fruit |
| Which describes why angiosperms are now the dominant plants? | flowers attract animals, they coevolved with animals to disperse seeds |
| You raise a crop with parallel veins in its leaves, bundles of vascular tissue in its stem, and a fibrous root system. There are weeds in with branched veins in your field. How could you make the most money? | Use a cheap selective herbicide that kills eudicots, your crop is a monocot |
| Vegetative propagation or tissue culture of plants is advisable | If characteristics should reproduce exactly |
| An evolutionary advantage in plants, dormancy | seeds germinate on unfavorable conditions, seed dispersal far from plant shade |
| How do members of Kingdom Plantae differ member of Kingdom Fungi? | Fungi have chitin in their cell walls; plants have cellulose in their cell walls |
| Fungi generally reproduce asexually. When would a fungus reproduce sexually? | in unfavorable conditions, mycelia fuse |
| How do fungi compare with animals? | Both are eukaryotic |
| Anamalia | Kingdom-all have a diploid body and gametes are the only haploid stage; all are capable of sexual reproduction, none have cell walls |
| Porifera | Sponges-no symmetry, no true tissues; marine; has many inlet pores and 1 outlet for undigested remains of food |
| Cnidaria | Jellyfish and coral-radial symmetry; cnidocytes within nematocysts; gastrovascular cavity with only 1 opening |
| Platyhelminthes | Flatworms-bilateral symmetry; gastrocascular cavity with on 1 opening; eye spots in anterior (head) end of body |
| Mollusca | Snails, squids, clams-coelom and circulatory system; soft body of 3 parts: visceral mass, muscular foot and mantle |
| What is the evolutionary significance of cephalization which first appears in flatworms? | Nervous and sensory cells centered in part of body that comes in contact with environment first |
| What is the evolutionary significance of body segmentation, which first appears in the Annelida? | Because body parts are repeated, segments can be specialized for different purposes |
| The phenomenal success of arthropods is probably due to their | Chitinous exoskeleton |
| Arthropods and echinoderms exhibit indirect development. What is the advantage of this lifestyle? | do not compete for limited resources, exploit different niches |
| Which characteristic distinguishes the vertebrate chordates from the invertebrate chordates? | The notochord is replace by a spine only in vertebrate chordates |
| Jaws | Feed on other animals while they are alive (efficient predators) |
| Lungs in lobe-finned fish | Colonize shores of oceans (breathe air) |
| Tetrapody | Four limbs support weight of the body on land (walk, not swim) |
| Amniote egg | Reproduce on land without returning to water (terrestrial) |
| Endothermy | Constant body temperature (very active lifestyle year round) |
| What is the difference between endothermy and ectothermy? | Ectotherms body temperature reflects the temperature of their environment |
| Which statement is true about the reproduction of various members of class Mammalia? | Monotremes nurse their young after they hatch from eggs |
Created by:
jhardwick02
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