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Proteins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are some of the functions of Proteins in living things? | Antibodies, enzymes and hormones |
| What are some of the things that proteins make up? | Muscles, Ligaments, tendons and hair |
| What are the monomers of Proteins? | Amino Acids |
| What kind of Amino Acids do be need to obtain from our diet? | Essential Amino Acids |
| What elements are involved in Proteins? | C H O N |
| What are the tree groups in an Amino Acid? | Amine group, Carboxyl group and a Residual Group? |
| What is the primary structure of a protein? | The sequence of Amino Acids in a polypeptide chain |
| How is a dipeptide formed? | By a condensation reaction between two subunits |
| What bond are formed between the two subunits? | A Peptide bond |
| What is formed when this condensation reaction is repeated? | Polypeptide Chain |
| What is a protein made up from? | More than one polypeptide chain |
| What is the secondary structure of a protein? | When the chain of amino acid forms either an Alpha- Helix or a Beta-Pleated Sheet |
| What happens to form an Alpha- Helix? | The chain of amino acids twist, hydrogen bonds form between the c--o, of the Carboxylic acid and the -NH of the Amine Group. |
| What happens to form a Beta- Pleated sheet? | This is when several chains link together, with hydrogen bonds, holding the parallel chains. |
| What are the three types of bonds found within a Tertiary structure of a protein? | Hydrogen Bonds, Disulphide Bonds and Ionic Bonds |
| When is an R group polar? | When the sharing of electrons is not quiet even |
| What does the R group attract? And what does this make them? | Polar molecules, such as water. And this makes them Hydrophilic |
| What are the non polar groups? | Hydrophobic |
| How are the non-polar molecules arranged in the molecules? | The non-polar, hydrophobic R groups are arranged so they face the inside of the proteins, excluding the water from the inside of the molecule |
| What is a conjuncted protein? | They have another chemical group associated with their polypeptide chain |
| What are the 2 distinct groups of Proteins? | Globular and Fibrous Proteins |
| Are globular soluble or insoluble? And why? | Soluble, due to the Hydrophilic side chains that project from the outside of the molecules |
| What shape is a Globular Protein? | A polypeptide chain folded into a compact spherical shape |
| Are fibrous proteins soluble or insoluble? | Insoluble |
| What shape is a Fibrous Protein? | Remain in a straight chain |
| Where are these fibrous proteins found? | Keratin in hair and skin, collagen in skin, tendons, cartilage and bones |
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stu036791
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