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BIO 250
Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Central Nervous System functions | coordinates bodily activities, receives info, procsss info in somatosensory system, posses memory |
| Brain structure | forebrain, midbraind, hindbrain |
| Hindbrain | basic life processes |
| Medulla | visceral functions (breathing, heart rate, etc.), reflex level processing, houses nuclei of cranial nerves VII-XII mammals VII-X in sharks |
| Pons | more visceral stuff, houses cranial nerve nuclei V,VI,VII |
| Cerebellum | coordinates movement, modifies and monitor motor output, involuntary activities, maintenance of equilibrium, refinement of motor activities (efficiency), size matters thus relating to needs |
| Midbrain | receives sensory info |
| tectum | roof of midbrain, receives sensory information, eyes and olfactory, visual receptors forebrain in mammals |
| tegmentum | initiates motor output, prominent in fish |
| Forebrain | site of 'higher' thought processes |
| diencephalon | contains the epithalamus, hypothalamus, and dorsal thalamus |
| epithalamus | pineal gland and habenular nucleus |
| pineal gland | affects skin pigmentation, regulates photo periods and biological rhythms |
| habenular nucleus | function unknown |
| hypothalamus | mammillary bodies=olfactory sensation, regulates omeostasis, stimulates pituitary |
| dorsal thalamus(or just thalamus) | serve sensory input, major coordinating center of afferent (sensory) impulses |
| telencephalon | cerebral cortex and subcortical region |
| cerebral cortex | outer wall of cerebral hemispheres, folded in most mammals, functions in reasoning, learning, memory, etc |
| subcortical region | everything else |
| Cranial Nerve 0 | nervus terminalis, visceral sensory and motor to olfactory epithelium |
| Cranial Nerve I | olfactory, special sensory to olfactory mucose |
| Cranial Nerve II | optic, special sense to the retina |
| Cranial Nerve III | occulomotor, motor to extrinisic eye muscles (but not all of them), visceral to ciliary body |
| Cranial Nerve IV | trochlear, motor to single eye muscle, m. superior oblique |
| Cranial Nerve V | Trigeminal, three parts |
| V-1 | opthalmic, sensory the the skin on the head |
| V-2 | maxillary, sensory to facial region and upper teeth |
| V-3 | mandibular, sensory to mandibular region including teeth, somatic motor to muscles of the jaw |
| Cranial Nerve VI | abducens, motor to single muscle of the eye, m. lateral rectus |
| Cranial Nerve VII | Facial, special sensory (taste) to the tongue (anterior 2/3), sensory to the skin posterior to the external eat, somatic motor to the mm of facial expression, visceral motor to salivary and lacrimal galnds |
| Cranial Nerve VIII | auditory (vestibulocochlear), special sensory to ear and vestibular apparatus |
| Cranial Nerve IX | glossopharyngeal, anterior 1/3 of tongue, sensory to tongue, pharynx, and middle ear, motor to muscle of pharynx (m. stylopharyngeus), visceral motor to paratoid gland (salivary), visceral sensory to carotoid body (BP regulation) |
| Cranial Nerve X | vagus (mixed function), sensory to external ear, visceral sensory to aorta, special sensory (taste) to epiglottis, motor to soft palate, pharynx, larynx (vocalization and swallowing), visceral motor to parasympathetic fibers to GI tract |
| Cranial Nerve XI | accessory, motor to muscles of neck region |
| Cranial Nerve XII | hypoglossal, motor to mm of tongue and hyoid |
Created by:
lydia.durkovic
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