Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIO 250
Integument
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Basement membrane | lies between the dermis and epidermis, water proofs amniotes, protects from microbes |
| Hypodermis | deep to the dermis, subcutaneous fat, fassia (disorganized in most but not in fish) |
| Products of the Epidermis | hair, fingernails/ claws, feathers, baleen, horns, beaks, scales |
| Products of Epidermal and Dermal interactions | teeth, basement membrane |
| Roles of Integument | protection from microbial predators, prevent water loss, temperature control, and communication |
| What causes pigment? | melanin |
| What does melanin do? | filters out UV light |
| Melanocytes | contain and produce melanin |
| What is structural color and what does it do? | (common in birds and snakes) differential refraction of light, you see the refracted light not the pigment of the animal |
| Scales, internal to external make-up | pulp, dentin, enamel (like a tooth) |
| Placoid scales | (chondrichthyans) have enamel layer, equivalent to teeth |
| Cosmoid scales | lungfish, internally two layers of bone>dentin>enamel |
| Ganoid scales | rhomboid shaped and interlacing, gars and birchirs |
| Ctenoid/ Cycloid scales | teleosts, neopterygii, 'bony' layer composed of organic framework w/ Ca based salts and fibrous deep layer |
| Ctenoid vs Cycloid scales | Ctenoid have comb-like edge whereas Cycloid scales have a smooth edge |
| Amphibian scales/ dermis | extant species have skin specialized to cutaneous respiration, primitively they were scaled (as in fish scales) most like cosmoid w/o enamel and dentin, specialized mucoid secretion that resist bacteria, mucus and poison glands in dermis |
| Reptile (synapsids, diapsids, and anapsids) scales | extensive keratinization for resistance to water loss reflecs terrestrial dedication, scales (epidermal) lack bony center, folded surface epidermis, 'hinged' for flexibility, osteodermis and gastralia common (scutes) |
| Feathers | highly vascularized at junctions with the dermis, regularly arranged |
| Feather follicles | layer of the dermis and epidermis invaginated (deeply in some areas) |
| Evolution of feathers | insulation, pre-adaptation for flight |
| Rachis | the shaft of the feather |
| Bard | angle major structures radiation from rachis |
| Barbules | hooked structures connecting barbs |
| Make-up of hair | largely keratin |
| Origin of hair | follicle located in the dermis |
| When did it evolve? | mammals and in pterosaurs |
| What is the function of hair? | sensory w/ preadaptation for insulative properties in mammals |
| What causes albinism? | lack of chromatophores derived from neural crest cells |
| Arrector pili mm | erects hairs adding to insulative properties |
| Sebaceous glands function | produce oily substance that 'conditions' the hairs (reduces breakage), absent where lubrication may be detrimental to function eg. palms of hands and soles of feet, |
| Specialized sebaceous glands | waxy glands of auditory canal and the Meibomian glands of the eyelid |
| pre-pubertal sweat glands | function in thermoregulation (sweat), not associated with hair follicles |
| pubertal (post-pubertal) sweat glands | typically associated w/ hair follicles, don't function until puberty, tend to produce odors |
| Scent glands | specialized pubertal glands, used to mark territory, communicate, warn, etc. |
| Why not function until puberty? | to give the younger males time to develop before they have to compete with the fully developed males, this way they only smell threatening to the adult male once they are of a size and age to defend themselves, the benefit being they don't die young |
| mammary glands | specialized pubertal galnds, close association w/ sebaceous glands for lubrication, highly specialized postpubertal sweat galnds |
Created by:
lydia.durkovic
Popular Biology sets