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earthscience
earthsciencePCS 12/10/13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how long is the Appalachian mountain range | 3,000 years |
| how old is the Appalachian mountain range | over 250 million years |
| weathering | the process that breaks down rocks and other substances on earths surface |
| erosion | the removal of rock particles by wind water ice and gravity |
| mechanical weathering | the type of weathering in which rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces |
| abrasion | refers to the grinding away of rock by rock by rock particles being carried away by water wind ice & gravity |
| ice wedging | wedges of ice in rock , widen & deepen cracks |
| chemical weathering | process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
| ________is the most important cause of chemical weathering | water |
| oxidation | iron combines w/ oxygen in the presence of water in the process |
| what are the facters in determining the rate at which weathering occurs? | the most important one is the type of rock & climate |
| permeable | that a material is full of tiny ,connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it |
| soil | the loose weathered material on earths surface in which plants can grow |
| bedrock | solid layer of rock beneath the surface |
| humus | a dark colored substance that forms as plants and animals decay |
| how does fertility affect the soil | soil that is rich in humus has high fertility . sandy soil containing little humus is low in fertility |
| loam | soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay ,sand , & silt |
| "A" horizon | top soil |
| "B" horizon | sub soil |
| top soil | a crumbly dark brown that is a mixture of humus clay and other minerals |
| sub soil | usually consist of clay and other particles washed down from the "A" horizon but little humus |
| in what climate does weather occur faster | warm humid rainy areas |
| what rate does soil depend on | climate and type of rock |
| the major soil types in north America | -northern forest soil -prairie soil -southern soil |
| northern forest soil | cools wet climates, |
| prairie soil | forms in cool dry climates |
| southern soil | form in warm wet climates |
| litter | a loose layer that plants shed |
| decomposers | the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them w/ chemicals |
| why is soil valuable | there is limited supply |
| how is the value of soil reduced | when it loses its fertility and when top soil is lost due to erosion |
Created by:
Tangee0913
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