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Mid-term SG
study guide for mid-term exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| when molecules in liquid water absorb energy | the water evaporates |
| when ice melts | heat is absorbed |
| how most of the water enters the atmosphere | through evaporation |
| how sublimation is different from evaporation | evaporation - liquid to gas, sublimation - solid directly to gas |
| why scientists express humidity as a mixing ratio rather than as absolute humidity | mixing ratio depends only on mass; doesn't change when temperature or air pressure changes |
| if vapor pressure increases | then the rate of condensation increases |
| if temperature decreases | then the rate of evaporation decreases |
| if the rate of evaporation is greater than the rate of condensation | then evaporation occurs |
| if the rate of condensation is greater than the rate of evaporation | then condensation occurs |
| most important factor that determines a region's climate | latitude |
| 2 main characteristics that describe the climate of an area | temperature and precipatation |
| 3 eons that are part of Precambrian time | Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic |
| era we are currently living in | Cenozoic Era |
| where the oldest rock layers are found | at the bottom |
| tectonic plate | a piece of the lithosphere |
| 3 types of plate boundaries | divergent, convergent, and transform |
| 4 main layers of the sun | core, radiative zone, convective zone, and atmosphere |
| hottest layer of the sun | core |
| 3 layers of the sun's atmosphere | photosphere, chromosphere, and corona |
| sunspots | cooler regions of the photosphere |
| why the corona of the sun is visible during a total solar eclipse | moon blocks the photosphere |
| solar flare | a sudden eruption of charged particles from the sun |
| how geomagnetic storms form | when particles from a coronal mass ejection disturb Earth's magnetosphere |
| absolute age | age in years |
| relative age | age of an object in relation to the ages of other objects |