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Science Ch 1
Structure of Living Things
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | the smallest part of a living thing that can carry out processes of life |
| cell membrane | a thin outer layer of a cell |
| cytoplasm | the gel-like material inside the cell that holds all the other inner parts of the cell |
| nucleus | a large, round structure at the center of a cell that controls all the activities of a cell |
| mitochondrion | the part of a cell that breaks down food and turns it into energy for the cell |
| vacuole | a cell part that holds food, water, and wastes |
| cell wall | a hard outer layer of a plant cell that protects the cell and provides support |
| chloroplast | a part of a plant cell that uses energy from sunlight to make food |
| organism | an individual living thing that can carry out all its own life activities |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that do the same job in an organism |
| organ | a body part made of different kinds of tissues that work together to do a certain job |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to do a certain job |
| kingdom | the broadest group into which living things are classified |
| vertebrate | an animal that has a backbone |
| invertebrate | an animal that does not have a backbone |
| vascular | any plant that has tubes for moving water and other materials to where they are needed |
| nonvascular | any plant that soaks up water from the ground directly into its cells |
| fungus | an organism that cannot make its own food, but instead absorbs food from decaying organisms |
| bacteria | one-celled living things that do not have a nucleous |
| protist | a one- or many- celled organism that can either make, eat, or absorb food |
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